Unit 3 Task 2
This report will describe the expected patterns of development in physical, social and emotional, cognitive, language and communication categories. It will consider development in 0-3, 3-7, 7-11 and 11-16 age ranges and describe how development can be promoted. In the 0-3 section it will also explain and give examples of factors which can affect their development and how the areas of development can be promoted.
0-3 Years
Physical
Child development progresses from head to toe. Starting from the top of the body and gradually moving downwards. Firstly, they gain control over muscles which are close to the head, and then moving outwards so the large muscles in arms, upper arms develop and the legs last.
By 6 months a child should be able to turn their head toward sounds, voices and movement, watch the adult’s face when being fed, smile when recognizes a familiar face, reach up to hold feet when lying on the back, look and reach for objects, hold and shake a rattle as well as put everything in the mouth.
By 12 months a child should be able to roll over from the tummy onto the back, sit alone, begin to crawl or shuffle on their bottom, pull on or push against adult hands or furniture to reach a standing position, raise arms in order to be lifted, turn and look up when hear the name, pat and poke objects when playing, pass objects from hand to hand, look for things which have been dropped and reach hand towards a source of food.
By 24 months a child should be able to feed itself, start to walk, push and pull toys while walking, wave goodbye, point and make noises to indicate what it wants, enjoy a picture book, shake head for ‘no’, crawl upstairs, stoop to pick things of the floor, begin to show preference for one hand, build a small tower and uses grasp to hold crayons.
By 36 months a child should be able to throw, kick a ball, build larger towers out of bricks, pour liquids, kneel to play and use a pencil to make marks and circular scribbles.
Social
0-3 Years
Physical
Child development progresses from head to toe. Starting from the top of the body and gradually moving downwards. Firstly, they gain control over muscles which are close to the head, and then moving outwards so the large muscles in arms, upper arms develop and the legs last.
By 6 months a child should be able to turn their head toward sounds, voices and movement, watch the adult’s face when being fed, smile when recognizes a familiar face, reach up to hold feet when lying on the back, look and reach for objects, hold and shake a rattle as well as put everything in the mouth.
By 12 months a child should be able to roll over from the tummy onto the back, sit alone, begin to crawl or shuffle on their bottom, pull on or push against adult hands or furniture to reach a standing position, raise arms in order to be lifted, turn and look up when hear the name, pat and poke objects when playing, pass objects from hand to hand, look for things which have been dropped and reach hand towards a source of food.
By 24 months a child should be able to feed itself, start to walk, push and pull toys while walking, wave goodbye, point and make noises to indicate what it wants, enjoy a picture book, shake head for ‘no’, crawl upstairs, stoop to pick things of the floor, begin to show preference for one hand, build a small tower and uses grasp to hold crayons.
By 36 months a child should be able to throw, kick a ball, build larger towers out of bricks, pour liquids, kneel to play and use a pencil to make marks and circular scribbles.
Social
Bibliography: Bowlby (1969)- theory of attachment. Published by Saul McLeod (2009). Attachment theory. http://www.simplypsychology.org/attachment.html#sthash.9cuOrhIn.dpbs (Accessed on: 3rd April 2013) Meggitt. C. (2006) Child development. 2nd ed. Oxford Heinemann. NCFE-level2- Supporting teaching and learning in schools. Home learning college. Can be found on; www.homelearningcollege.com (Accessed on: 7th March 2013) Meggitt.C. (2006) Child development. 2nd ed. Chapter 16 , page 122. Oxford Heinemann. Cherry. K. What is a schema? . Schema examples. http://psychology.about.com/od/sindex/g/def_schema.htm (Accesed on: 14th March 2013)