Universal Brotherhood
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen
aebmfw
Ãm≥tU¿Uv
X
tIc-fk¿°m¿ -
hnZym-`ym-k-h-Ip∏v
Xbm-dm-°n-bXv
kwÿm\ hnZym-`ymk Kth-jW ]cn-io-e\ kanXn (SCERT), tIcfw
2011
tZio-b-Km\w
P\-K-W-a-\- -A-[n-\m-bI Pbtl `mc-X -`m-Ky-hn-[mXm, ]©m-_-kn‘p KpP-dmØ admTm {ZmhnU DXv°-e- _w-Km, hn‘y-ln-am-N-e -b-ap\mKwKm, D—e Pe-[nX-cwKm, Xh-ip-`-\mta PmtK, Xh-ip` Bin-j -am-tK, Kmtl Xh- P-b- KmYm P\-K-W-aw-K-e-Zm-bI Pbtl `mc-X- `m-Ky-hn-[mXm. Pb-tl, Pb-tl, Pb-tl, Pb Pb Pb Pbtl!
{]Xn⁄
C¥y Fs‚ cmPy-am-Wv. F√m C¥y-°mcpw Fs‚ ktlm-Z-coktlmZc-∑m-cm-Wv. Rm≥ Fs‚ cmPysØ kvt\ln- ° p∂p; kºq¿Whpw sshhn- [ y- ] q¿W- h p- a mb AXns‚ ]mc- º - c y- Ø n¬ Rm≥ A`n-am\w sIm≈p∂p. Rm≥ Fs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°-sfbpw Kpcp-°-∑m-scbpw apXn¿∂hscbpw _lp-am-\n-°pw. Rm≥ Fs‚ cmPy-Øn-s‚bpw Fs‚ \m´p-Im-cp-sSbpw t£a-Øn\pw sFiz-cy-Øn-\pw- th≠n {]bXv\n°pw.
Prepared by : State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT)
Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, Kerala Website : www.scertkerala.gov.in e-mail : scertkerala@asianetindia.com Phone : 0471 - 2341883, Fax : 0471 - 2341869 First Edition : 2011 Typesetting : SCERT Lay out : SCERT Cover design : SCERT Printed at : KBPS, Kakkanad, Kochi © Department of Education, Government of Kerala
{]nb- hn-Zym¿Yn-I-tf, ae-bmf`mj-sbbpw kmln-Xy-sØbpw Ipdn®v IqSp-X¬ Dƒ°m-gvNtbmsS ]Tn-°m≥ Ah-kcw \¬Ip∂ hn[-Øn-emWv ]Ømw ¢mknse ]mTy-]≤Xn Bkq-{XWw sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xv. {]tbm-K-k-µ¿`-ß-fn¬ \n∂v `mjmL-S-\-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ Xncn-®-dnbm\pw hyXy-kvX-am-\-Z-fi-߃ D]-tbmKn®v hni-I-e\w sNøm\pw \ap°p Ign-b-Ww. sshhn-[y-ap≈ cN-\-I-fn¬ ]cn-Nbw t\Sp-tºm-gmWv AXp km[y-am-hp-∂-Xv. Bi-b-hn\n-a-b-Øns‚ hyXykvXX ASp-Ø-dn-bm≥ Cu At\z-jWw klm-b-Iamhpw. \Ωp-sS kmwkvIm-cnI]mc-º-cy-Øns‚bpw aqey-k-¶ev]ß-fp-sSbpw thcp-Iƒ At\zjn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn\v kmln-Xy-]-T\w hgn-sX-fn-°p-∂p. kaIm-enI kmaq-ly-Po-hn-X-Ønse {]iv\-ßfpw {]Xn-k-‘nIfpw Cu ]mT]p-kvX-I-Ønse cN-\-Iƒ {]Xn-^-en-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. sshhn-[y-ap≈ cN-\-Ifpw {]h¿Ø\\n¿tZ-i-ßfpw Dƒs°m-≈n-®psIm≠v cq]-s∏-Sp-Ønbn´p≈ Cu ]mT-]p-kvXIw hn]pehpw hnim-e-hpamb `mjm-]-T-\-Øn\p
aebmfw
Ãm≥tU¿Uv
X
tIc-fk¿°m¿ -
hnZym-`ym-k-h-Ip∏v
Xbm-dm-°n-bXv
kwÿm\ hnZym-`ymk Kth-jW ]cn-io-e\ kanXn (SCERT), tIcfw
2011
tZio-b-Km\w
P\-K-W-a-\- -A-[n-\m-bI Pbtl `mc-X -`m-Ky-hn-[mXm, ]©m-_-kn‘p KpP-dmØ admTm {ZmhnU DXv°-e- _w-Km, hn‘y-ln-am-N-e -b-ap\mKwKm, D—e Pe-[nX-cwKm, Xh-ip-`-\mta PmtK, Xh-ip` Bin-j -am-tK, Kmtl Xh- P-b- KmYm P\-K-W-aw-K-e-Zm-bI Pbtl `mc-X- `m-Ky-hn-[mXm. Pb-tl, Pb-tl, Pb-tl, Pb Pb Pb Pbtl!
{]Xn⁄
C¥y Fs‚ cmPy-am-Wv. F√m C¥y-°mcpw Fs‚ ktlm-Z-coktlmZc-∑m-cm-Wv. Rm≥ Fs‚ cmPysØ kvt\ln- ° p∂p; kºq¿Whpw sshhn- [ y- ] q¿W- h p- a mb AXns‚ ]mc- º - c y- Ø n¬ Rm≥ A`n-am\w sIm≈p∂p. Rm≥ Fs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°-sfbpw Kpcp-°-∑m-scbpw apXn¿∂hscbpw _lp-am-\n-°pw. Rm≥ Fs‚ cmPy-Øn-s‚bpw Fs‚ \m´p-Im-cp-sSbpw t£a-Øn\pw sFiz-cy-Øn-\pw- th≠n {]bXv\n°pw.
Prepared by : State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT)
Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, Kerala Website : www.scertkerala.gov.in e-mail : scertkerala@asianetindia.com Phone : 0471 - 2341883, Fax : 0471 - 2341869 First Edition : 2011 Typesetting : SCERT Lay out : SCERT Cover design : SCERT Printed at : KBPS, Kakkanad, Kochi © Department of Education, Government of Kerala
{]nb- hn-Zym¿Yn-I-tf, ae-bmf`mj-sbbpw kmln-Xy-sØbpw Ipdn®v IqSp-X¬ Dƒ°m-gvNtbmsS ]Tn-°m≥ Ah-kcw \¬Ip∂ hn[-Øn-emWv ]Ømw ¢mknse ]mTy-]≤Xn Bkq-{XWw sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xv. {]tbm-K-k-µ¿`-ß-fn¬ \n∂v `mjmL-S-\-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ Xncn-®-dnbm\pw hyXy-kvX-am-\-Z-fi-߃ D]-tbmKn®v hni-I-e\w sNøm\pw \ap°p Ign-b-Ww. sshhn-[y-ap≈ cN-\-I-fn¬ ]cn-Nbw t\Sp-tºm-gmWv AXp km[y-am-hp-∂-Xv. Bi-b-hn\n-a-b-Øns‚ hyXykvXX ASp-Ø-dn-bm≥ Cu At\z-jWw klm-b-Iamhpw. \Ωp-sS kmwkvIm-cnI]mc-º-cy-Øns‚bpw aqey-k-¶ev]ß-fp-sSbpw thcp-Iƒ At\zjn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn\v kmln-Xy-]-T\w hgn-sX-fn-°p-∂p. kaIm-enI kmaq-ly-Po-hn-X-Ønse {]iv\-ßfpw {]Xn-k-‘nIfpw Cu ]mT]p-kvX-I-Ønse cN-\-Iƒ {]Xn-^-en-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. sshhn-[y-ap≈ cN-\-Ifpw {]h¿Ø\\n¿tZ-i-ßfpw Dƒs°m-≈n-®psIm≠v cq]-s∏-Sp-Ønbn´p≈ Cu ]mT-]p-kvXIw hn]pehpw hnim-e-hpamb `mjm-]-T-\-Øn\p