Urban Housing Policy Review of China: from Economic Growth to Social Inclusion
Urban Housing Policy Review of China: from Economic Growth to Social Inclusion
Wenjing Deng
Technology University of Delft, OTB Institute, P.O. Box 5030, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherland e-mail: w.deng@tudelft.nl
Joris Hoekstra
Technology University of Delft, OTB Institute, P.O. Box 5030, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherland e-mail: J.S.C.M.Hoekstra@tudelft.nl
Marja Elsinga
Technology University of Delft, OTB Institute, P.O. Box 5030, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherland e-mail: M.G.Elsinga@tudelft.nl
Abstract:
This paper reviews the housing policy of China from 1949-2013. It examines the housing tenure change, policy instruments, and impacts social structures in different time periods. After the welfare period of 1949-77, the dual provision period of 1978-1998, and the market dominant period of 1999-2011, China’s housing policy was again reformed after 2011. The new policy focuses increasingly on social inclusion rather than merely on economic growth. In this perspective, this paper analyzes the interaction between housing policy and other reform processes such as corporation and welfare reform, hukou reform. This paper argues that housing policy is closely linked to the ideological and institutional transitions in China. It serves as an instrument to fulfill the comprehensive economic and social goals. It has been shaped by, but is also shaping the institutional context.
Keywords: housing, policy review, China, social inclusion
Introduction
Since its establishment of 1949, the People’s Republic China experienced enormous institutional changes. From the radical ideal of communism and socialism of the Mao Zedong era, to the more realistic, so-called socialism with Chinese characteristics (Qiu, 2000), politicians in China are adjusting their ideological declaration and policies to adjust to the mismatch of the political ideal and economic reality, policy goals and social responses. When the planning economy went into difficulty, the
Wenjing Deng
Technology University of Delft, OTB Institute, P.O. Box 5030, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherland e-mail: w.deng@tudelft.nl
Joris Hoekstra
Technology University of Delft, OTB Institute, P.O. Box 5030, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherland e-mail: J.S.C.M.Hoekstra@tudelft.nl
Marja Elsinga
Technology University of Delft, OTB Institute, P.O. Box 5030, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherland e-mail: M.G.Elsinga@tudelft.nl
Abstract:
This paper reviews the housing policy of China from 1949-2013. It examines the housing tenure change, policy instruments, and impacts social structures in different time periods. After the welfare period of 1949-77, the dual provision period of 1978-1998, and the market dominant period of 1999-2011, China’s housing policy was again reformed after 2011. The new policy focuses increasingly on social inclusion rather than merely on economic growth. In this perspective, this paper analyzes the interaction between housing policy and other reform processes such as corporation and welfare reform, hukou reform. This paper argues that housing policy is closely linked to the ideological and institutional transitions in China. It serves as an instrument to fulfill the comprehensive economic and social goals. It has been shaped by, but is also shaping the institutional context.
Keywords: housing, policy review, China, social inclusion
Introduction
Since its establishment of 1949, the People’s Republic China experienced enormous institutional changes. From the radical ideal of communism and socialism of the Mao Zedong era, to the more realistic, so-called socialism with Chinese characteristics (Qiu, 2000), politicians in China are adjusting their ideological declaration and policies to adjust to the mismatch of the political ideal and economic reality, policy goals and social responses. When the planning economy went into difficulty, the