This book takes place in New York around the year 1855 to about 1889 when many immigrants from all over the world came to North America. In Jacob Riis’s book he breaks down the immigrants in to different race groups. This book is also about the overcrowding and the unhealthy living conditions of the tenement and how there community changes to become a healthy place to live and work.…
While Bella Spewack’s Streets is one woman’s memoir, it also tells us more generally about European immigrants’ experiences in urban America at the turn-of-the twentieth century. For this essay, you will explain what this one memoir can tell us about immigrant life. Is it effective in capturing the lives of turn-of-the-century immigrants? In what ways does it alert us to the problems that immigrants faced? In what ways does it display the triumphs and pleasures of life in the tenements? Provide specific textual examples of these struggles and triumphs. Assessing this evidence, would you say that Streets is above all a story about struggle, or a story about survival? Why?…
The prison population is illustrated in the Official Government Statistics. Nearly three-quarters of prisoners were in receipt of benefits immediately before entering prison. This displays that lower classes such as under class and working class are more likely to commit a crime. This can be explained by Millers study of working class males. Millers said that this anti social behaviour is just an extreme development of normal, working class male values. He says that these working class males have six ‘focal concerns’ which lead to deviance; trouble, toughness, smartness, excitement, fate and autonomy. They claim that they don’t look for trouble it just finds them while being physically strong…
Being a young American in the 70s meant living in a decade burdened by political disillusionment after Vietnam, Watergate, and the Cold War. There was neither trust in our governing institutions nor faith in our administrative leaders. Plagued by economic stagnation, a decline in standards of living, and a growth in poverty, our country was in shambles and Uncle Sam 's holy grail of the "American Dream" seemed to be slipping through the cracks of the shattered cultural ideology. Rosenfeld and Messner (1995) claim that the American Dream “refers to a commitment to the goal of material success, to be pursued by everyone in society, under conditions of open, individual competition” (164). The social pressures to maintain a high standard of living while feelings of paranoia and cynicism towards the government continued were surely disenchanting for any American. It would be in vain to assume that an individual such as George Jung was not influenced by these factors in his interpretation of and reaction to the strains that he encountered both as an adolescent and an adult, or rather a deviant and a non-deviant. In this essay I will use General Strain Theory of deviance to illustrate and attempt to explain an individual’s motive for engaging in criminal behavior such as drug dealing.…
Johnny Friendly, the corrupt leader of the Hoboken Waterfront 1950s, New York is mostly depicted as a cliched gangster in the film On the Waterfront. He is larger than life, manipulative, controlling and a man who is driven by power and greed, all aspects clearly linked to the typical portrayal of villains of the 1940s and 50s films in America. Despite this, director Elia Kazan presents a side of Friendly that audiences are capable of feeling some compassion for. However, ultimately Friendly’s actions and his behaviour override any positive sentiments we may have towards him.…
Al Capone is one of the most infamous gangsters in American history. Capone was born from an Italian immigrant family in Brooklyn, New York in 1899. He was associated with gangs since he quit school in the sixth grade, in the street gang he associated himself with he met Johnny Torrio, who was the gang leader at the time, and Charles “Lucky” Luciano. At this time many criminals had come from impoverish backgrounds, but this was not the case for Capone. Capone came from a professional and respectable family. It is believed the Capone’s inadequate schooling and violence that he saw at school is what caused Capone to become a criminal (Organized Crime, 1). At the age of 14, Capone was expelled for hitting a female teacher, and he never returned to finish schooling. After this…
Jack Engel Gilmore/Lombardo American Litt pd.6 1/28/15 Great Gatsby panel The Great Gatsby written by F. Scott Fitzgerald is praised for accurately portraying the lavish lives of the rich and powerful in the the 1920s. One topic that the Great Gatsby portrays accurately is corruption, which was very common with the wealthy and powerful such as Jay Gatsby. Throughout the novel we learn of how some people became wealthy or successful through the participation of of illegal or corrupt activities such as bootlegging, rigging sports events, and other illegal activities. Al Capone is a name that is still talked about even in modern times he is the best known gangster and the greatest figure of the collapse of law and order in the United States…
The city’s wretched suburbs were utterly devoid of opportunity, and served as Al Capone’s school for underground dealings with the time’s criminal denizens. After moving to moving to Chicago, he led a life characterized by intrepidness and rather shady business, from running brothels to smuggling contraband liquor. Here, where the strongest held dominion, he also received the cheek injury that would later earn him the namesake…
In the late 19th century, battle lines of distaste and resentment were drawn between the new immigrant class and the current American citizens. In New York City, the Nativists and the Irish Catholic community clashed on opposing sides of the line. The majority of Irish Catholic immigrants were uneducated, unskilled, and alien to the industrial city life of the new world. Their mass numbers filled up the city’s slums, poor houses, and prisons. With strong aversion from New York Nativists, the Irish immigrant community was initially obstructed from attaining governmental support. This void in representation of such a massive percentage of New York’s population allowed for the emergence and great success of Tammany Hall leaders like George Washington Plunkitt. George Washington Plunkitt, born in 1842, grew up surrounded by this new immigrant Irish-Catholic community. He identified with the city’s immigrant poor and working class; the resented New York Irish were Plunkitt’s community. Although Plunkitt used his political status for his own benefit, his position as a political leader was useful for his community.…
Unlike Chicago, New York is more of a multi-layered metro-archeology than a city. Five Points peals back a hundred years of rewritten history to reveal the seedy brawling side of life in the 19th century. Tammany Hall - the popular name for the democratic 'machine' that ran New York City - is perhaps the most immediate touchstone for the casual reader. In the late 19th century Tammany came under the thrall of one Boss Tweed who used political and just plain brute force to keep the machine in power. For most, the scandal is merely a dim memory from grade school history classes, but Anbinder takes the usually rather dull subject and enlivens it with details about the thuggery and street violence that allowed for political bosses like Tweed and street gangs to hold complete control over the city up to the highest levels of power.…
In The Big House era criminals were known as “convicts” and the guards where known as “hacks” and they were both supposed to keep distance from each other. To make their time easier in the Big House, convicts developed their own social roles, informal codes of behaviors, and language. Inmates created the social role of the “real man” in which they were loyal and generous and tried to minimize friction among inmates. Inmates had a code and believes that was based on the following (1) Don’t interfere with inmate interest, (2) Never rat on con, (3) Do your own time, (4) Don’t exploit fellow inmates, (5) Be tough: be a man; never back down from a fight, and (6) Don’t trust the “hacks” or the things they stand for ( Bartollas, 2002). This code promoted order, inmates understood that any disorder between prisoners and staff would be set aside and prisoners would be punish by losing privileges it had taken them years to attain. The main theme of the Big House was and boredom bored by endlessly recurrent routine, activities served no purpose other than to maintain order. The Big House could be described as a world populated by people seemingly more dead than alive.…
Alphonse Gabriel, America’s best well-known gangster will always be remembered as “Al Capone” world wide. His contribution to America wasn’t the best, but his disruptive life left a trademark, especially during the prohibition era. Al Capone was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York during the 80s. He was the fourth of nine brothers and son to two immigrants. Capone’s childhood in Brooklyn wasn’t as disruptive first, but as he began associating himself with the wrong crowd, many things changed for Capone. “One day, Capone’s teacher hit him for insolence and he struck back. The principal gave him a beating, and Capone never again returned to school” (History).…
In the nineteenth century, the Mafia escalated from petty thievery crimes to murder of political figures. Perhaps the first notable murder committed by the Italian Mafia was the murder of Emanuele Notarbartolo, a Sicilian banker. The Mafia was and remains the main suspect, however, no one was convicted. Even so, Benito Mussolini convicted hundreds of suspected Mafia members years after the incident. He also attempted to exterminate the Mafia from Sicily. As a result, the Mafia spread to America because of its desirable facade for immigrants. Many Italians were already living in the country so it was easy for illegal Mafia members to sneak in unnoticed. The Mafia was most active in New York, parts of New Jersey, Philadelphia, Detroit, Chicago, and New England. Another advantage of immigrating to America was the opportunity to commit crime in America during the 1920s. With the passing of the Eighteenth Amendment, people all over the country were making a business of selling alcohol illegally. The Mafia quickly became involved in such activities and more. This “new” Mafia was focused on gaining power and money. To achieve this goal, Mafia families would often coerce other families and even government officials. In extreme cases, the Mafia would be forced to kill. Although the ideals are no longer the same as they were in the 1800s, family has maintained the position of highest importance to the Mafia. (“The Death and Life of the Mafia in Italy.” 3, 4,…
In 1790 came the birth of the Penitentiary in Philadelphia. The penitentiary was different than other systems in that it isolated prisoners, “ …isolated from the bad influences of society and one from another so that, while engaged in productive labor, they could reflect on their past miss-deeds…and be reformed,” (Clear, Cole, Reisig). The American penitentiary and its new concept was observed and adopted by other foreign countries.…
In his chapter, Entering the Underworld, Leonardo Lopez Lujan talks about the relationship between the Mexican and fauna through time. Archeological sites excavated by archeologists show a wide variety of wild animals that were used as food and raw materials.…