Uti - Pt Teaching

What is a UTI?
A Urinary Tract Infection is commonly referred to as a UTI. This is a common condition characterized by abdominal pain, the need to use the restroom more frequently, often accompanied with a burning sensation, as well as the inability to produce more than a very small amount of urine despite the sensation of fullness, and fever. Other symptoms can include a temporary loss of ability to control urine, an unpleasant smell, and cloudy urine. Approximately seven million doctor visits each year are UTI 's, and this condition affects people of all ages1.
What causes a UTI?
A bacterium that has entered the body and traveled upward into the bladder is the cause of a UTI. Bacteria live on the skin and in the rectal area, and can easily enter the urinary tract. Some people tend to be prone to getting UTI 's for various reasons, i.e. women after menopause because they have a decrease in estrogen 's protective effects, some women are genetically inclined to UTI 's because their bodies naturally allow harmful bacteria to attach to the sensitive lining, anyone recently catheterized, persons with diabetes, sexual intercourse, women with a diaphragm, condom use, and spermicidal foams. Other causes may be due to a virus or yeast in the urinary tract2.
How is a UTI diagnosed? Generally, a simple urine test resulting positive for bacteria along with your present symptoms is enough for your doctor to diagnose this condition. A urine culture performed for frequent UTI sufferers will identify the bacterium that causes the reoccurrence. Your doctor may require further tests such as an ultrasound or a CT scan if your symptoms persist or gets worse. You should contact your doctor immediately if there is blood present in your urine.
How is a UTI treated? Depending upon the severity of your UTI, your doctor will prescribe an antibiotic treatment that could last anywhere from one day to a few days or one week to several weeks. Whatever your antibiotic schedule, it is very important to complete the entire course of antibiotics to prevent the return of infection. Symptoms will subside before the UTI is completely treated, and the bacteria may become immune to the previous type of antibiotic. Therefore, another course of antibiotic is required to fight the now stronger infection. Severe cases may require an IV antibiotic and fluids to keep the body from becoming dehydrated. The doctor will advise drinking plenty of fluids and may recommend cranberry juice.
How can a UTI be avoided?
Proper hygiene such as cleansing the genital and rectal area daily, frequent hand washing, and wiping the genital area from front to back after toilet use can diminish the chance of these bacteria entering the urinary tract. Urinating after sexual intercourse may help flush out any bacteria that may have entered the body during contact. Changing birth control methods may benefit some patients with recurrent UTI 's. Drink plenty of fluids daily to ensure hydration as well as keeping the urinary tract well flushed. Do not delay when the need to urinate arises; holding traps bacteria and may encourage bacteria growth. Sanitary napkins should be changed frequently to discourage the growth of bacteria. Estrogen replacement for post menopausal women may be an option to discuss with your doctor. Women who are pregnant should seek medical attention immediately to minimize any possible risk to self or baby.
Tips for help at home
• Avoid caffeine, spicy foods, citrus juices, and alcohol to minimize bladder irritation.
• Place a heating pad on the stomach may relieve pain and discomfort.
• Drink plenty of water each day to ensure hydration.
• Urinate immediately after sexual intercourse to flush away any bacteria.
• Take showers instead of baths to help prevent the transfer of bacteria to the vaginal area.
• Avoid the use of feminine hygiene products such as douches and deodorant sprays that may cause irritation to the vaginal area.
• Remember to consult with your doctor if you suspect a UTI.

Patient states understanding to direction and has received written instructions.

Signature and Date

────────────────────

References

1. American Academy of Family Physicians. 2004. FamilyDoctor: Your Essential Guide to Health and Wellbeing. New York, NY: Boston Hannah International. PP. 114 & 115.

2. American Urological Association. (2005). [on-line]. Available http://www.urologyhealth.org/adult/ retrieved March 5, 2005.

References: 1. American Academy of Family Physicians. 2004. FamilyDoctor: Your Essential Guide to Health and Wellbeing. New York, NY: Boston Hannah International. PP. 114 & 115. 2. American Urological Association. (2005). [on-line]. Available http://www.urologyhealth.org/adult/ retrieved March 5, 2005.