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Industrial Relations – The Definitions and Main Aspects
* Industrial relations has become one of the most delicate and complex problems of modern industrial society.
* Industrial progress is impossible without cooperation of labors and harmonious relationships.
* Therefore, it is in the interest of all to create and maintain good relations between employees (labor) and employers (management).
“Industry” refers to “any productive activity in which an individual (or a group of individuals) is (are) engaged”.
History Of Industrial Relations
Industrial relations has its roots in the industrial revolution which created the modern employment relationship by spawning free labor markets and large-scale industrial organizations with thousands of wage workers.
Institutionally, industrial relations was founded by John R. Commons when he created the first academic industrial relations program at the University of Wisconsin in 1920.
As society wrestled with these massive economic and social changes, labor problems arose. Low wages, long working hours, monotonous and dangerous work, and abusive supervisory practices led to high employee turnover, violent strikes, and the threat of social instability.
In Europe, the labour movement began during the industrial revolution, when agricultural jobs declined and employment moved to more industrial areas.
The labour movement was active in the early to mid 19th century and various labour parties were formed throughout the industrialised world.
The works of Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx led to the formation of the first Communist International whose policies were summarized in theCommunist Manifesto.
Throughout the world, action by the labour movement has led to reforms and workers' rights, such as the two-day weekend, minimum wage, paid holidays, and the achievement of the eight-hour day for many workers.
Objectives of Industrial Relation
1. To safeguard the interest of labor and management who
* Industrial relations has become one of the most delicate and complex problems of modern industrial society.
* Industrial progress is impossible without cooperation of labors and harmonious relationships.
* Therefore, it is in the interest of all to create and maintain good relations between employees (labor) and employers (management).
“Industry” refers to “any productive activity in which an individual (or a group of individuals) is (are) engaged”.
History Of Industrial Relations
Industrial relations has its roots in the industrial revolution which created the modern employment relationship by spawning free labor markets and large-scale industrial organizations with thousands of wage workers.
Institutionally, industrial relations was founded by John R. Commons when he created the first academic industrial relations program at the University of Wisconsin in 1920.
As society wrestled with these massive economic and social changes, labor problems arose. Low wages, long working hours, monotonous and dangerous work, and abusive supervisory practices led to high employee turnover, violent strikes, and the threat of social instability.
In Europe, the labour movement began during the industrial revolution, when agricultural jobs declined and employment moved to more industrial areas.
The labour movement was active in the early to mid 19th century and various labour parties were formed throughout the industrialised world.
The works of Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx led to the formation of the first Communist International whose policies were summarized in theCommunist Manifesto.
Throughout the world, action by the labour movement has led to reforms and workers' rights, such as the two-day weekend, minimum wage, paid holidays, and the achievement of the eight-hour day for many workers.
Objectives of Industrial Relation
1. To safeguard the interest of labor and management who