Waathelasand
LITERATURE UNDER U.S. COLONIALISM (1898-1945)
Revolution of 1896 – taga-bayan-taga-bukid polarization (def.: division of a group into factions
Tejeros Convention * Taga-bayan – ilustrados of Cavite who wrested from Bonifacio; masses the leadership of the revolution * Education – requirement for leadership * Wealth – requirement for education * Filipino native elite – succeeded in reserving for itself the role of determining Filipino response to independence and nation-building
Philippine Republic in Malolos – first inauguration * Taga-bukid had been shoved aside by the ilustrados * Ilustrados: * Pedro Paterno * Benito Legarda * Felipe Calderon *
Taga-Bayan Culture – colonial creation * Owed intellectual and emotional allegiance to the culture of the colonizers * Historical ties that ought to have bound the ilustrados from the taga-bukid: * claims of personal convenience * preferential treatment * class interests * Taga-Bukid – described as unlettered, unpropertied populace during the revolutionary struggle * Confronted with a choice between continuing with honor a rigorous struggle alongside the taga-bukid, ilustrados accommodated itself to foreign control
1900
* President of the republic was still eluding/ avoiding American troops in the Cordillera mountains * Prominent members of Aguinaldo’s cabinet had already gone to the side of the Americans * Partido Federal – founded
Members:
* Pedro Paterno – president of the Malolos Congress * Felipe Buencamino – director of public works * Benito Legarda – VP of Malolos Congress * Felipe Calderon – principal author of the Malolos Constitution
American colonial authorities – capitalized on the capitulation of the ilustrados in urging Filipinos to bring Filipino-American war to an early end through surrender
July 4, 1902 * U.S. Pres. Theodore Roosevelt – proclaimed that the “insurrection” was officially
Revolution of 1896 – taga-bayan-taga-bukid polarization (def.: division of a group into factions
Tejeros Convention * Taga-bayan – ilustrados of Cavite who wrested from Bonifacio; masses the leadership of the revolution * Education – requirement for leadership * Wealth – requirement for education * Filipino native elite – succeeded in reserving for itself the role of determining Filipino response to independence and nation-building
Philippine Republic in Malolos – first inauguration * Taga-bukid had been shoved aside by the ilustrados * Ilustrados: * Pedro Paterno * Benito Legarda * Felipe Calderon *
Taga-Bayan Culture – colonial creation * Owed intellectual and emotional allegiance to the culture of the colonizers * Historical ties that ought to have bound the ilustrados from the taga-bukid: * claims of personal convenience * preferential treatment * class interests * Taga-Bukid – described as unlettered, unpropertied populace during the revolutionary struggle * Confronted with a choice between continuing with honor a rigorous struggle alongside the taga-bukid, ilustrados accommodated itself to foreign control
1900
* President of the republic was still eluding/ avoiding American troops in the Cordillera mountains * Prominent members of Aguinaldo’s cabinet had already gone to the side of the Americans * Partido Federal – founded
Members:
* Pedro Paterno – president of the Malolos Congress * Felipe Buencamino – director of public works * Benito Legarda – VP of Malolos Congress * Felipe Calderon – principal author of the Malolos Constitution
American colonial authorities – capitalized on the capitulation of the ilustrados in urging Filipinos to bring Filipino-American war to an early end through surrender
July 4, 1902 * U.S. Pres. Theodore Roosevelt – proclaimed that the “insurrection” was officially