In a time of chaos and distraught, Whitman used his poetry to reflect his strong and influential opinions of societal movement. Whitman’s first anthology titled Leaves of Grass was influenced by the democratic presidency of Lincoln in the 1850’s. Progress was the topic of the casual café setting of this time and Whitman, a commoner, took these ideas and weaved them into his poetry with an optimistic flare. He used his democratic views and hopes for improvements as a base for much of his poetry:
The ideas of progress became the principal of the universe—as we look up from our provisional Pisgah we behold the orbic forms of a benevolent, self – purifying cosmos—as we lower our gaze the vistas out over the continent darken somewhat and are populated with villages, rivers, and fields of wheat, factories, mechanics, farmers, patient mothers, small property holders, town meetings—a nobility if evanescently envisioned myth of social life. (Chase The Theory of America 55)
Whitman used his work to emphasize the idea that all citizens