When a substance is released into an area, the random movement of its molecules results in a multitude of collisions. These collisions, in turn, lead to a dispersion of the molecules. The overall movement of the molecules will be from an area of high concentration, where there will be more collisions, to areas of low concentration, where the number of collisions will be much less. This process of dispersion will continue until there is no net gain or loss of molecules in an area. The process by which this equilibrium occurs is called diffusion. Diffusion is vitally important to biology on many levels; individual cells, organelles, and even whole organisms rely on diffusion to carry out the processes essential to life. One especially important aspect of diffusion is osmosis, or the diffusion of water. This often occurs across a semi-permeable membrane…
Part 1 sought to measure the movement of water in response the addition of various concentrations of NaCl. It was hypothesised that as the concentration of NaCl increases, then the amount of lysis of the red blood cells would decrease. Part 2 aimed to determine how permeable red blood cell membranes were to various solutes. It was hypothesised that as the lipid solubility of solutes (Kether) increases, as does the permeability coefficient. Part 3 of the experiment aimed to produce and measure diffusion potentials across two different membranes of semi-permeability. It was hypothesised that as the voltage increases, as does the log of the concentration gradient.…
Explain what happened to the blood cells at the various levels of concentration. Be sure to refer to the solutions as being hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic.…
1. The cell membrane regulates and controls what kind of molecules ______ move in & out of the cell.…
Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to familiarize you with osmosis and, specifically, what happens to cells when they are exposed to solutions of differing tonicities.…
The solution of salts inside the cell are hypertonic in comparison to that of the blood stream so therefore the salts move through the semipermeable membrane of the cell to the less concentrated blood stream.…
Every cell is selectively permeable to different molecules. This type of selectively is caused by a semi-permeable membrane, which allows the movement of certain molecules across it. Water exchange can be measured in two ways: RBC osmotic permeability is measured, and diffusional water permeability is measured (Benga and Borza 1995). Diffusion is the movement of high concentration to low concentration. The diffusion of water across a permeable membrane is called osmosis. Water concentration in red blood cells can cause three different situations: hypertonic solution, isotonic solution, and a hypotonic solution. A hypertonic solution is when there is a higher concentration of salts dissolved outside the cell and pure water inside the cell, the water rushes out of the cell to try to dilute the salt solution causing the cell to shrivel up. An isotonic solution is where the water has achieved equilibrium with concentrations inside and outside of the cell, so there is no alteration of the cell. A hypotonic solution is where there is a higher concentration of salt dissolved inside the cell and a higher concentration of water outside the cell, so the water rushes into the cell trying to dilute it causing swelling of the cell. If this takes place too rapidly, it will lead to the cell bursting. Knowing the isotonic solution of red blood cells is important in many ways such as filtration because the membranes flux causes the cell to become larger or smaller so if it is too large it can not be filtered through certain size capillaries (Tuvia 1992). Also, red blood cells can only operate in an isotonic state, in a hypotonic solution the cell bursts leaving no cell at all, but in a hypertonic solution the cell shrinks, which decreases the surface area and its viability to uptake oxygen leaving it ineffective for its purpose. To measure the size and amount of red blood cells in each concentration of solutions, a hemocytometer was used.…
These two Case Studies come from a National Center on Case Studies. I think that a case study approach is very useful in applying knowledge and this is what makes you learn it better. They may be a little daunting when you read them but I will help you go through them. Please ask for help so this topic becomes more enjoyable for you.…
Purpose: The purpose of this activity is to determine the effects of a selectively permeable membrane on diffusion and osmosis between two solutions separated by a membrane.…
Change the objective lens for a higher magnification on your sample (x10, x40, x1000) as to make out things such as its nucleus.…
Osmosis is the diffusion of a solvent across a selectively permeable membrane that occurs in response to differences in solute concentrations (Allen and Harper 2014).Osmosis can fall under the category of passive transport which does not require energy. With osmosis being a type of diffusion it is viewed as molecules moving from a high concentration to a low concentration. To further explain if there is a low water concentration, high amounts of solutes will be present. Water will most likely move to areas where the solute concentration is high, which demonstrates why there would be less water concentration.…
Cells have kinetic energy, a source of energy stored in cells. This energy causes molecules to bump into each other and move in new directions. Diffusion is one result of this molecular movement. Diffusion is the random movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration. Osmosis is a special kind of diffusion where water moves through a selectively permeable membrane that only allows certain molecules to diffuse though (Lab Manual 7e, 2010).…
2.Urine color: Check the color of your urine. If it is a dark gold color…
The point of this experiment was to observe if the different concentrations of sucrose would change the speed of osmosis. Osmosis is a process of a fluid that will pass through a semipermeable membrane into a solution which most of the time has a higher concentration. Osmosis will be demonstrated throughout the lab. The importance of osmosis in a plant and animal cell there is a cell membrane, which helps liquids and some dissolved solids go in and out of it. CITATION Luc26 \l 1033 (Lucke, 1926) It can select what to bring in and put out. Semipermeable means allowing certain substances to pass through the membrane, and only allowing certain solutes. The affects that are needed to allow osmosis to occur are temperature, concentration, surface area, water potential, pressure, and light and dark. The factors that are present in osmosis that I saw were temperature, because with warm water osmosis occurs faster, concentration occurs because the higher the concentration of the sucrose the faster the rate of osmosis occurs. In the experiment there are 3 other reactions that are present are hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic. Hypertonic is when the cell loses water, hypotonic is when the cell gains water and isotonic is when the cell does not gain or lose water. I predict that each cell will become heavier and heavier after each weigh in every 10 minutes. The experiment that my lab partners and I did was make 4 cells, each with 4 different solutions of different concentrations and place them in their own individual beakers filled with deionized water at room temperature. Every 10 minutes for 70 minutes we took out each cell, weighed it, and recorded the data. CITATION Ral \l 1033 (Traxler, 1906)Abstract…
Osmosis is defined as the net movement of water or any other solutions molecules from a region in which they are highly concentrated to a region in which they are less concentrated. This movement must take place across a partially permeable membrane such as a cell wall, which lets smaller molecules such as water through but does not allow bigger molecules to pass through. The molecules will continue to diffuse until the area in which the molecules are found reaches a state of equilibrium, meaning that the molecules are randomly distributed throughout an object, with all areas having an equal concentration.For this particular investigation I think that the lower the concentration of the salt solution in the test tube, the larger the increase in mass of the potato chip will be. This is because the water molecules pass from a high concentration. Therefore, I believe that the chips that are in the tubes containing a higher concentration of water than salt will have a larger mass than chips in tubes with higher salt concentrations.…