Preview

Water Pollution in Pakistan

Better Essays
Open Document
Open Document
13564 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Water Pollution in Pakistan
A Special Report

Pakistan’s Waters at Risk
Water & Health Related Issues in Pakistan & Key Recommendations

Based on Information/Data drawn from Government Documents and NGOs / IGOs Publications

February 2007
Endorsed by

Report compiled by: Freshwater & Toxics Programme, WWF – Pakistan. Cover page design: Communications Division, WWF – Pakistan. Published 2007 by WWF – Pakistan, Ferozepur Road, Lahore – 54600, Pakistan. Opinions expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of WWF and its members. Cover photo credits: Freshwater & Toxics Programme, WWF – Pakistan

WATER & HEALTH RELATED ISSUES IN PAKISTAN A SPECIAL REPORT

Table of Contents

Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. 2. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND CURRENT SITUATION / ISSUES OF WATER IN PAKISTAN 2.1 WATER AVAILABILITY 2.2 WATER DEMAND/CONSUMPTION 2.3 WATER QUALITY MAJOR WATER SECTORS IN PAKISTAN 3.1 INDUSTRIAL SECTOR 3.2 AGRICULTURE SECTOR 3.3 MUNICIPAL SECTOR WATER QUALITY & HEALTH IMPACTS 4.1 WATER-BORNE DISEASES 4.2 PREVALANCE OF ARSENIC AND FLOURIDE IN DRINKING WATER 4.3 IMPLICATIONS OF HEALTH IMPACTS POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK & ITS IMPLEMENTATION STATUS 5.1 NATIONAL DRINKING WATER POLICY (DRAFT) 5.2 NATIONAL WATER POLICY (DRAFT) 5.3 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENT POLICY 2005 5.4 PAKISTAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT (PEPA) 1997 5.5 PAKISTAN STANDARDS & QUALITY CONTROL AUTHORITY (PSQCA) 5.6 MID-TERM DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK 2005 – 2010 EXISTING MANAGEMENT PRACTICES TO COMBAT WATER POLLUTION 6.1 ENFORCEMENT STATUS CONCLUSIONS, POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS AND THE WAY FORWARD REFERENCES 1 1 1 3 3 5 5 7 7 8 8 10 11 11 13 14 14 15 16 16 16 18 20

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

ii

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB BOD CDA CDWA CDWI CETPs COD CRCP DALYs DHHS EIA EPA FAO FPCCI GDP GoP HWHF IEEM KITE KWSB MAF MGD MSTQ MTDF NDWP NEP NEQS NGO NIH NWFP NWC NWP OICCI PCRWR PEPA

Asian Development Bank Biological Oxygen Demand Capital Development Authority Clean Drinking Water for All Clean Drinking Water


References: Urban Population (1998 Census) 5,143,495 Total Wastewater Produced (million m3/y) 287 City
Continue Reading
View Writing Issues

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Triangle Waist Factory Fire Essay
    • 762 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Triangle Waist Factory Fire Essay

    On the morning of March 25, 1911, the Triangle Waist Company had a fire breakout which killed 141 young girls and an about 5 of them men. This fire is believed to have started by cigarettes or matches that had been thrown in a pile of waste, and witnessed to have ended in being the greatest industrial disaster till that time. This company broke numerous amount of laws that were created to protect the workers, such as not being allowed to have doors locked during working hours and having correct dimensions of the fire escape, and because of this many men and women suffered severely before their deaths. This incident brought attention to the world and revealed how dangerous the conditions were for the working people. The Triangle Waist Factory…

    • 762 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    CHANGE _ AWAY MICHAEL GOW
    • 1348 Words
    • 6 Pages

    CHANGE _ AWAY MICHAEL GOW

    Freshwater Action Network, 2013, Freshwater Action Network and Sanitation Collaborative Council, viewed 11 March 2013, http://www.worldwalksforwater.org/eng/.…

    • 1348 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Panara Bread's
    • 1317 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Panara Bread's

    What are the strategy elements of Panera Bread Company? How well do the pieces fit together?…

    • 1317 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Water Contamination Lab Report
    • 796 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Water Contamination Lab Report

    Every being relies and require water in order to survive. The earth is composed of more than 70% water; most of it is not usable water. The increase of population has increased the demand for crops and livestock from the agricultural industry, which resulted in the increase of contamination within the waterways. In this lab, we will explore water quality and contamination. The USGS has conducted water quality test and provided water managers and policymakers with technically sound and unbiased data and reports for more than 100 years. The objective is to minimize contamination of drinking water, bodies of water and also fruits and vegetables. To do this there needs to be heavy monitoring and managing certain practices such as the agricultural industry. The USGS measures ground water on regular bases to detect changes that may be produced by short and long term changes in precipitation, droughts and…

    • 796 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    An Investigation on the Feasibility of Different Techniques for Providing Fresh Water to Arid Regions in the World.
    • 1403 Words
    • 6 Pages

    An Investigation on the Feasibility of Different Techniques for Providing Fresh Water to Arid Regions in the World.

    8. Carr,G. and Neary.J (2008).water quality for ecosystem and human health. [Online] Available at: < http://www.unep.org/gemswater/Portals/24154/publications/pdfs/water_quality_human_health.pdf > [Accessed 18 November 2012].…

    • 1403 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Essay On Crayfish
    • 542 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Essay On Crayfish

    In brief, the health of vegetation, animals, and human beings can be impacted a lot by water pollution. Water pollution problem is a significant world problem. Governments not only need to pay a lot of attention on the pollution problem, but also need to focus on how to reduce the effects of water pollution efficiently. In fact, everyone needs to be concerned about this problem and protect the environment as best as he or she…

    • 542 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Water Pollution
    • 2045 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Water Pollution

    even affect human life on earth. It is said that the earth will just absorb all of the…

    • 2045 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Poe vs. Shakespeare
    • 1559 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Poe vs. Shakespeare

    Brown, Henry. Shakespeare 's patrons & other essays. London: J. M. Dent & sons, 1912. Shakespeare Online. 20 Aug. 2009. (Accessed on: April 30th, 2013)…

    • 1559 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Water Quality and Contamination
    • 1893 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Water Quality and Contamination

    The objective of groundwater sampling were to determine what effects do contaminants have on our water supply. The quality of drinking water has for many years been given more attention. Particles of various metals such as lead and copper could be entering our drinking water supplies and creating a hazard. One of the most important characteristics of our society today is the quality of our drinking water. Over 50,000 people each year in Africa die due to poor drinking water habits (Roman, 2009).…

    • 1893 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    India Water Pollution
    • 273 Words
    • 2 Pages

    India Water Pollution

    Studies found that sewage waste is the main cause of water pollution in India. The problem is caused by the poor treatment of dumping sewage and the failure to maintain sewage treatment plants. The Central Pollution Control Board, a company that monitors environmental issues in India, has created the National Water Quality Monitoring Network, which monitors the quality of waters all year. The network monitors waters all over India. Samples of water are taken frequently and checked for bacteria and other harmful substances within the water. Other ways of sewage treatment include air flotation, dual media filter, activated carbon filter, sand filtration and sludge drying beds. These methods all take place in sewage treatment plants. Water treatment plants are very expensive and are needed to be maintained constantly. Removal of sludge is said to be the most untreated area of water treatment. This is because of the poor design and poor maintenance of the sludge treatments. India has set policies to control sewage pollution in water. the Ministry of Environment and Forests has created financial and technical support systems to promote the proper treatment of water. The problem with India’s water treatment is that the government is not putting enough effort into making the water usable for its citizens. The government should promote the health hazards and future issues of water pollution so the citizens can learn to treat their water better. Informing citizens is also a way of treatment because people will be aware of the issues water pollution will cause for them and therefore they will take action.…

    • 273 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Environmental Issues in China
    • 1287 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Environmental Issues in China

    As we know, China is a big country as well as a developing country. Developing countries need to develop quickly so that they can catch up with those developed ones; as a result, many enterprises in china keep running days and nights, which let out effluent continuously at the same time they gain profit. Another problem is china has a population of 1.3billion, a large amount of water have to be used everyday. However, seldom of them cherish water that they own. Most people believe that the supply of water is inexhaustible. But the truth is china is short of fresh water. Ministry of Water Resources announced (2006, online) a surprising number: it is over four hundred cities that have no standard water to drink and suffer from the serious water shortage. What’s more, Ren, XY. announced that (2006, online), one third water in the whole country can not be drunk directly. We can see the water pollution index is getting higher as well as the rate of wasting water.…

    • 1287 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Fracking: Water Pollution and Hydraulic Fracturing
    • 1986 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Fracking: Water Pollution and Hydraulic Fracturing

    Water pollution has become a large global issue, especially in developing countries where it is a struggle to find clean drinking water for the inhabitants of the region. There are currently seven different types of water pollution; sewage, disease causing agents, sediment pollution, inorganic plant and algal, organic compounds, radioactive substances, and thermal pollution. These seven types can be categorized into three main types; biological, chemical, and physical. This paper will discuss chemical pollution in main water systems.…

    • 1986 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Effects of Lack of Clean Drinking Water on People of Pakistan
    • 437 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Effects of Lack of Clean Drinking Water on People of Pakistan

    Access to safe drinking water is a basic need for healthy life. Insufficient supply of drinking water is the main cause of diseases in developing countries like Pakistan. As many as 72 million Pakistanis out of a population of 180 million are deprived of having access to safe drinking water. The effect of unsafe and polluted water is diseases like diarrhea, typhoid and hepatitis A.…

    • 437 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    recycled wasted water constract with mineralwater
    • 1963 Words
    • 7 Pages

    recycled wasted water constract with mineralwater

    There are some important needs paramount for social economical and human survival of which water is an essential resource that people must acquire in order to co-exist in the (biosphere) living environment. It is a well establish fact that all organisms, social environmental activities and manufacturing processes are directly or indirectly dependent on water for production or survival. Consequently, scientists and explorers devote time in seeking appropriate measures to provide people with sufficient portable water supply, but the dilemma between recycled waste water and mineral water becomes (debatable) an issue in particularly on how eco-friendly and safe water is with respect to health implications and the environmental impact. According to Organization for economic co-operation and development (2001), “A water supply system is a system for the collection, transmission, treatment, storage and distribution of water from source to consumers”. In Emirates (UAE) and other gulf countries, water from sea is highly concerted and domestic waste water is reused due scarcity hence eco-friendly water provision is via desalination and recycle which is a…

    • 1963 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Water Standard
    • 816 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Water Standard

    The Ministry of Health established the National Drinking Water Quality Standards (NDWQS) in 1983, with the most recent revision in 2000 due for circulation for use in 2002. The standards stipulate limits for physical, chemical, microbiological and radiological parameters and compliance with these standards is mandatory for all private water suppliers. Supporting documentation is available to ensure effective implementation of the standards and include information on the National Programmed for Drinking Water Quality Surveillance, and the Manual of Drinking Water Quality Surveillance. In addition to the NDWQS the DOE has developed Interim National Water Quality Standards (INWQS) that classifies inland water quality into 5 classes: domestic water supply, fisheries and aquaculture, irrigation, livestock, and recreation, each with its own set of biological, chemical and physical parameters.…

    • 816 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More

Related Topics