Ways of Expressing Future Actions. Diachronic and Synchronic Analysis
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ……………….………..4
1. THEORETICAL SURVEY..………………………….……..........................5
1.1. Ways of expressions future actions. Diachronic approach...........................5
1.2. The synchronic analysis. Future tenses.........................................................9
1.3. Forms of expressing futurity……………......................................…….....14
2. LINGUISTIC INVESTIGATION................................................................. 18
2.1. Analysis of ways of expressing future actions.......…………………….....18
CONCLUSION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ……………........................................23
Bibliography
INTRODUCTION There are many ways to talk about the future. Languages can employ various strategies to convey future tense meaning. The concept of the future, necessarily uncertain and at varying distances ahead means that the speaker may express the future in terms of probability, intent. In grammar, the future tense is a verb form that marks the event described by the verb as not having happened yet, but expected to happen in the future (in an absolute tense system), or to happen subsequent to some other event, whether that is past, present, or future (in a relative tense system). A given language can exhibit more than one strategy for expressing future tense. In addition, the verb forms used for the future tense can also be used to express other types of meaning. There is a common belief that the only way to express the future in English is to use the two little modal auxiliaries "will" and "shall". Sure they play a major part in this function but there are other ways of expressing the future. What are they? What are the distinctions between them? This survey will help to understand. The survey contains the historical approach of expressing Future actions, the description and the examples of usage of Future tenses and word combinations which denote future
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ……………….………..4
1. THEORETICAL SURVEY..………………………….……..........................5
1.1. Ways of expressions future actions. Diachronic approach...........................5
1.2. The synchronic analysis. Future tenses.........................................................9
1.3. Forms of expressing futurity……………......................................…….....14
2. LINGUISTIC INVESTIGATION................................................................. 18
2.1. Analysis of ways of expressing future actions.......…………………….....18
CONCLUSION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ……………........................................23
Bibliography
INTRODUCTION There are many ways to talk about the future. Languages can employ various strategies to convey future tense meaning. The concept of the future, necessarily uncertain and at varying distances ahead means that the speaker may express the future in terms of probability, intent. In grammar, the future tense is a verb form that marks the event described by the verb as not having happened yet, but expected to happen in the future (in an absolute tense system), or to happen subsequent to some other event, whether that is past, present, or future (in a relative tense system). A given language can exhibit more than one strategy for expressing future tense. In addition, the verb forms used for the future tense can also be used to express other types of meaning. There is a common belief that the only way to express the future in English is to use the two little modal auxiliaries "will" and "shall". Sure they play a major part in this function but there are other ways of expressing the future. What are they? What are the distinctions between them? This survey will help to understand. The survey contains the historical approach of expressing Future actions, the description and the examples of usage of Future tenses and word combinations which denote future