Week 3 Activity

Week 3 Activity

Chapter 15: Choose the best answers in the following cases:

1. Which of the following is not a characteristic of living things?
a. Living thing use energy
b. Living things maintain themselves
c. Living things have the capacity to reproduce
d. Living things are part of populations that remain constant from one generation to the next

2. The macromolecules made from carefully folded strings of amino acids are
a. Proteins
b. Carbohydrates
c. Lipids
d. Nucleic acid

3. One difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is
a. Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, whereas eukaryotic cell do not
b. Eukaryotic cells have existed on earth far longer than prokaryotic cells
c. The DNA of eukaryotic cells is found in linear chromosomes, whereas the DNA of prokaryotic cells is found in a single circular chromosome.
d. Eukaryotic cells are generally smaller than prokaryotic cells

4. In plant cells, the organelles that break down organic molecules to obtain energy for the cells use are
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosomes
c. Chloroplasts
d. Lysosomes
5. Which of the following is not a component of the cell membrane
a. Phospholipids
b. Proteins
c. Nucleic acids
d. Carbohydrates

6. Transport across the cell membrane that requires energy is known as
a. Diffusion
b. Facilitated diffusion
c. Active transport
d. Endocytosis

7. During which state of the cell cycle does a cell duplicate its genetic material?
a. Gap 1
b. Gap 2
c. Synthesis
d. Mitosis

8. Which of the following statements about enzymes is true
a. Enzymes provide energy for specific chemical reactions in cells
b. Enzymes are catalysts that allow specific chemical reactions in cells to happen faster than they would otherwise
c. Both of the above are true
d. Neither of the above is true

9. The products of photosynthesis are
a. Carbon dioxide and water
b. Carbon dioxide, water and sunlight
c. Glucose
d. Glucose and oxygen

10. Which of the following process requires oxygen
a. Glycolysis
b. Krebs cycle and electron transport
c. Fermentation
d. None of the above

Chapter 16
a) What are the nitrogenous bases in DNA? How do they pair? There are four nitrogenous bases that are found in DNA are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Each nitrogenous base binds with a base on the other strand using chemical bonds called hydrogen bonds. The binding of the bases always happen in a specific way. Adenine always pairs with thymine, and guanine always pairs with cytosine.
b) How does RNA differ from DNA? RNA only has one strand instead of two. RNA uses the sugar ribose instead of deoxyribose. RNA uses the nitrogenous base uracil instead of thymine.
c) What is a point mutation? It is when one nucleotide is substituted for another. A point mutation may change the sequence of amino acids in a protein. Not all point mutations change amino acids.