Wgu Biochemistry Task 1
Biochemistry
Western Governors University
A: Fats are made up fatty acids and a glycerol. They are stored in cells known as adipocytes throughout the body. When the body needs energy the stored fats are broken down through the process of metabolism and beta oxidation (Livestrong.com, n.d.). For example, triacylglyceride or triglyceride are broken down into their separate parts, fatty acid chains and a glycerol. The body will always metabolize the glycerol first because it is easier to break down for energy but it does not produce the same long lasting energy effects that the fatty acid chains create. The fatty acid chains are broken down into 2 carbon pieces each, which then form acetyl CoA. Acetyl CoA can then enter …show more content…
into the citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle. Once it goes through the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain, out comes 12 ATP. ATP is the energy carrying molecule that allows energy to be shared. One triglyceride can create 288 ATP molecules (Hudon-Miller, 2012).
B: Saturated fatty acids are made up of a single bond within the carbon chain. It is solid at room temperature and it takes high temperatures to liquefy. Unsaturated fatty acids are made up of double bonds within the carbon chain. Our bodies are unable to make double bonds but our cells needs them to function so we must obtain them from what we eat. Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature and require low heat temperatures to liquefy. (Wolfe, 2000)
Fatty acids act in the form of triglycerides, the major component of stored fats, which help the body produce a consistent source of energy. Cells in the body need fats to function properly, they are the building blocks to all membranes in the body. Fatty acids are converted into phospholipids which make up cell membranes. They are required for absorption of vitamins A, D, E, and K. Vitamin A is an integral part of bone and blood tissue, it improves visual acuity, regulates immunity and helps with inflammatory cell function. Vitamin D is necessary for bone mineralization, energy production, mineral metabolism, and regulating emotions. Vitamin E helps with antioxidant activity and repair and heal wounds and tissues. Vitamin K is essential in the clotting mechanisms. (Franklin, 2015)
C. Fluid Mosaic Structure of Cell Membranes
(Pandit, 2014)
D. How No-Fat Diets affect the body:
When fatty acids are not consumed in the diet it interrupts the absorption of essential nutrients from fruits and vegetables.
For Example, eating a salad with fat free salad dressing inhibits absorption of phytonutrients and vitamins from the greens and vegetables. This happens because many nutrients are fat soluble especially vitamins A, D, E, and K, which our bodies need for numerous bodily functions. Essential fatty acids are vitally important for muscle conduction, nerve impulses, and brain health but our bodies do not make these fatty acids on their own we have to consume them through our diet. The two major essential fatty acids or EFA’s are omega 3 and omega 6. The typical modern diet is far too abundant in omega 6 and not so much in omega 3. If this happens the omega 6 chain will inhibit metabolism of the omega 3 chain which can cause poor brain function and health conditions such as: headaches, depression, cardiovascular disease and cancer. In comparison, if the diet is high in omega 3’s and low in omega 6’s, there is a decrease in health conditions and a preventative to those diseases. Taking an omega 3 supplement such as fish oil will help counter act an excess of omega 6 in the body. (An Introduction,
n.d.)
References
An Introduction to the Biochemistry of Diet. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://eu.montana.edu/bioscience/documents/meta_intro_to_biochemistry_of_diet.pdf Franklin, M. (2015). Roles of Fat in the Body. Retrieved from Joyfillednourishment.com/roles-of-fat-in-the-body
Hudon-Miller, S. (2012). How do Fatty Acids Make Energy? Retrieved from http://youtu.be/o8yh62f51qc.
Livestrong.com, (n.d.). How is Fat Stored and Burned as Energy in the Human Body? Retrieved
From http:// www.livestrong.com/article/362122-how-is-fat-stored-and-burned-as-energy-in-the-human-body
Pandit, S. (2014). Difference between Peripheral and Integral Membrane Proteins. Retrieved
From www.buzzle.com/articles/difference-between-peripheral-and-integral-membrane-proteins.html
Wolfe, G. (2000). Saturated vs. Unsaturated fats. Retrieved from
Wgu.thinkwell.com/students/getresources.cfm?levelfourid=5869634&levelthreeid=1820582&leveltwoid=350660&mode=browse
Western Governors University
A: Fats are made up fatty acids and a glycerol. They are stored in cells known as adipocytes throughout the body. When the body needs energy the stored fats are broken down through the process of metabolism and beta oxidation (Livestrong.com, n.d.). For example, triacylglyceride or triglyceride are broken down into their separate parts, fatty acid chains and a glycerol. The body will always metabolize the glycerol first because it is easier to break down for energy but it does not produce the same long lasting energy effects that the fatty acid chains create. The fatty acid chains are broken down into 2 carbon pieces each, which then form acetyl CoA. Acetyl CoA can then enter …show more content…
into the citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle. Once it goes through the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain, out comes 12 ATP. ATP is the energy carrying molecule that allows energy to be shared. One triglyceride can create 288 ATP molecules (Hudon-Miller, 2012).
B: Saturated fatty acids are made up of a single bond within the carbon chain. It is solid at room temperature and it takes high temperatures to liquefy. Unsaturated fatty acids are made up of double bonds within the carbon chain. Our bodies are unable to make double bonds but our cells needs them to function so we must obtain them from what we eat. Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature and require low heat temperatures to liquefy. (Wolfe, 2000)
Fatty acids act in the form of triglycerides, the major component of stored fats, which help the body produce a consistent source of energy. Cells in the body need fats to function properly, they are the building blocks to all membranes in the body. Fatty acids are converted into phospholipids which make up cell membranes. They are required for absorption of vitamins A, D, E, and K. Vitamin A is an integral part of bone and blood tissue, it improves visual acuity, regulates immunity and helps with inflammatory cell function. Vitamin D is necessary for bone mineralization, energy production, mineral metabolism, and regulating emotions. Vitamin E helps with antioxidant activity and repair and heal wounds and tissues. Vitamin K is essential in the clotting mechanisms. (Franklin, 2015)
C. Fluid Mosaic Structure of Cell Membranes
(Pandit, 2014)
D. How No-Fat Diets affect the body:
When fatty acids are not consumed in the diet it interrupts the absorption of essential nutrients from fruits and vegetables.
For Example, eating a salad with fat free salad dressing inhibits absorption of phytonutrients and vitamins from the greens and vegetables. This happens because many nutrients are fat soluble especially vitamins A, D, E, and K, which our bodies need for numerous bodily functions. Essential fatty acids are vitally important for muscle conduction, nerve impulses, and brain health but our bodies do not make these fatty acids on their own we have to consume them through our diet. The two major essential fatty acids or EFA’s are omega 3 and omega 6. The typical modern diet is far too abundant in omega 6 and not so much in omega 3. If this happens the omega 6 chain will inhibit metabolism of the omega 3 chain which can cause poor brain function and health conditions such as: headaches, depression, cardiovascular disease and cancer. In comparison, if the diet is high in omega 3’s and low in omega 6’s, there is a decrease in health conditions and a preventative to those diseases. Taking an omega 3 supplement such as fish oil will help counter act an excess of omega 6 in the body. (An Introduction,
n.d.)
References
An Introduction to the Biochemistry of Diet. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://eu.montana.edu/bioscience/documents/meta_intro_to_biochemistry_of_diet.pdf Franklin, M. (2015). Roles of Fat in the Body. Retrieved from Joyfillednourishment.com/roles-of-fat-in-the-body
Hudon-Miller, S. (2012). How do Fatty Acids Make Energy? Retrieved from http://youtu.be/o8yh62f51qc.
Livestrong.com, (n.d.). How is Fat Stored and Burned as Energy in the Human Body? Retrieved
From http:// www.livestrong.com/article/362122-how-is-fat-stored-and-burned-as-energy-in-the-human-body
Pandit, S. (2014). Difference between Peripheral and Integral Membrane Proteins. Retrieved
From www.buzzle.com/articles/difference-between-peripheral-and-integral-membrane-proteins.html
Wolfe, G. (2000). Saturated vs. Unsaturated fats. Retrieved from
Wgu.thinkwell.com/students/getresources.cfm?levelfourid=5869634&levelthreeid=1820582&leveltwoid=350660&mode=browse