What Is Crispa Cas 9)?

Genome editing technology that manipulates DNA freely has been receiving much attention in recent years. Among them, Crispa CAS 9 (CRISPR / CAS 9) is supposed to be a winner of the Nobel prize in the past few years. In fact, the discovery that was the basis of this technology was done by Professor Yoshinaga Ishino (then a researcher at the Institute for Microbiological Diseases, Osaka University) of the Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Kyushu University. Mr. Ishino found the repeating sequence contained in the microbial genome ahead of the rest of the world, but this repeated sequence will later be rediscovered by other scientists and called Crisper.

In 2007, a group of scientists working for a yoghurt company found a strange repetitive
Among them, a particularly noteworthy application example was the creation of "gene drive" that can eradicate diseases caused by insect pests and pests. Genetic drive is a phenomenon in which certain genes are genetically inherited, but it is possible to introduce genetic modification into a population of individuals, which is a successful application of this phenomenon. It was considered insufficient for practical application in conventional gene recombination and the like. However, by using Crisper, in principle it became possible to use gene drive for almost all traits. Moreover, by the appearance of Crisper you can construct a gene drive to control the group. Let's think about an example of a mosquito that mediates malaria. Researchers incorporate malaria tolerance genes using gene drive in the laboratory using Crisper. Then mosquitoes themselves will cross individuals and become individuals with malaria resistance genes in the population. This is to suppress infection of malaria. The application of gene drive is not limited to pest-mediated diseases. For example, it can be applied to exterminating alien species. The New Zealand government has announced plans to completely eliminate invasive alien species using gene drive
For example, is it possible to exclude specific genes from the population, considering the example of the previous gene drive? Will not it lead to the destruction of the ecosystem in a specific area? Or do not cause unexpected things? There are problems from the biological point of view such as. There are problems such as mutation and migration across gene target target population. In any case, there is also a problem that society's perceptions and institutions are not pursued at all compared to the development of science. It is a debate on whether genetic manipulation in human embryos should be accepted or not. Of course, such genetic manipulation is not merely an aim of enhancing academic ability or muscular strength, but is assumed to be used for the purpose such as treatment of congenital genetic disorder. In principle it is possible to manipulate human embryos by Crisper. However, how should we human beings address this issue ethically or legally? In this regard, Daedona, one of the developers of Crisper Cass 9, convinced scientists to the conference and are considering issues from the social impact and ethical point of view by Crisper. In conclusion, the conclusion that scientists, ethicists, and juristicians, including Daedona, have made is that attempts to manipulate human germline genes with Crisper for the time being should not be done . In addition to not having developed technology yet, it is