Preview

What Is Morphology

Satisfactory Essays
Open Document
Open Document
6774 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
What Is Morphology
CHAPTER 1

What is morphology?
مورفولوژی چست؟

CHAPTER OUTLINE
نمای کلی فصل :

In this chapter you will learn what morphology is, namely the study of word formation.
◆ We will look at the distinction between words and morphemes, between types, tokens, and lexemes and between inflection and derivation.
◆ We will also consider the reasons why languages have morphology.

در این فصل شما با مورفولوژی آشنا می شوید، که به صورت بندی کلمات می پردازد.

◆ ما به تفاوت میان کلمات و واژک ها، الگو ها، نشانه ها، مدخل ها و بین اشتقاق و انعطاف می پردازیم.
◆ ما همپنین به این می پردازیم که چرا زبان موفولوژی دارد.

1.1 Introduction

The short answer to the question with which we begin this text is that morphology is the study of word formation, including the ways new words are coined in the languages of the world, and the way forms of words are varied depending on how they’re used in sentences. As a native speaker of your language you have intuitive knowledge of how to form new words, and every day you recognize and understand new words that you’ve never heard before.

پاسخ کوتاه به این سوال، که با آن به شروع این متن می پردازیم این است که مورفولوژی مطالعه شکل گیری کلمه است، از جمله راه هایی که کلمات جدید در زبان های جهان ابداع می شوند و فرم های مورد استفاده در جملات که بسته به نوع آنها متفاوت از کلمات هستند. به عنوان یک سخنگوی بومی زبان خود، شما ذاتاً از دانش چگونه شکل دادن کلمات جدید برخوردارید، و هر روز شما با کلماتی جدید مواجه می شوید که هرگز آنها را نشنیده اید.

Stop and think a minute:

• Suppose that splinch is a verb that means ‘step on broken glass’; what is its past tense?
• Speakers of English use the suffixes -ize (crystallize) and -ify (codify) to form verbs from nouns. If you had to form a verb that means ‘do something the way ex-Prime Minister Tony Blair does it’, which suffix would you use? How about a verb meaning ‘do something the way ex- President Bill Clinton does it’?
• It’s possible to rewash or reheat something. Is it possible to

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    I watched the movie Million Dollar Arm and I choose the character JB to do morphological analysis of some of his dialogues from the movie. At first, to do morphological analysis we need to know what is morpheme?…

    • 878 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    ‫** اإلجازة الغير المدفوعة هي إجازة تكون فقط في حالة عدم وجود رصيد إجازات أو إذا كان الموظف لم يتجاوز تسعة أشهر عمل خالل السنة الخدمة األولي.‬…

    • 1540 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    organization

    • 526 Words
    • 3 Pages

    وفادار به فکس خودرو و سخت کار می کند که به پیروی از سیاست ها و روش شرکت و…

    • 526 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    macbeth-hero or villain?

    • 709 Words
    • 3 Pages

    The minimal part of an utterance and one of the best units of a language…

    • 709 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Sela Tausiyah

    • 608 Words
    • 2 Pages

    الحق ليظهره على الدين كله ، أشهد أنى إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له ،…

    • 608 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِى خَلَقَ - خَلَقَ الإِنسَـنَ مِنْ عَلَقٍ - اقْرَأْ وَرَبُّكَ الاٌّكْرَمُ - الَّذِى عَلَّمَ بِالْقَلَمِ - عَلَّمَ الإِنسَـنَ مَا لَمْ يَعْلَمْ…

    • 9121 Words
    • 37 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Best Essays

    Every language carries certain features that distinguish it from other languages although the languages descending from the same origin portray greater resemblances than the ones descending from different families, the similarities and differences are what make learning another language an easy task or an exhausting one. In the field of linguistics, the study of the internal structure of words- since words are the elements constructing any language and they are generally accepted as being the smallest units of any language syntax- is important; it is clear that in most (if not all) languages, words can be related to other words by rules and any language speakers can recognize the words and their relations from their tacit knowledge of the rules of word-formation. These rules are understood by the native speaker and reflect specific patterns in the way words are formed from smaller units and how those smaller units interact in speech. In this way, morphology is the branch of linguistics that studies patterns of word-formation within and across languages, and attempts to formulate rules that model the knowledge of the speakers and learners of these languages.…

    • 3579 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Morphophonemics Types

    • 880 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Morphemes may have more than one variant in different environments, we can have another definition of morpheme, i.e. a morpheme is a group of allomorphs which have similar meaning or show semantic similarity, and are in complementary distribution. The change in form from the base into other allomorphs is called ‘morphophonemic’ change or alternation, while the study of morphophonemic change of morphemes in different environment is called, as mentioned before, ‘morphophonemic’.…

    • 880 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Thalassemia

    • 593 Words
    • 3 Pages

    وقال عز وجل : ( أَمَّنْ يُجِيبُ الْمُضطَرَّ إِذَا دَعَاهُ وَيَكْشِفُ السُّوءَ.… ) - النمل…

    • 593 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The available linguistic literature on the subject cites various types and ways of forming words. Earlier books, articles and monographs on word-formation and vocabulary growth in general both in Russian language and in foreign languages, in the English language in particular, used to mention morphological, syntactic and lexico-semantic types of word-formation. At present the classifications of the types of word-formation do not, as a rule, include lexico-semantic word-building. Of interest is the classification of word-formation means based on the number of motivating bases which many scholars follow. A distinction is made between two large classes of word-building means:…

    • 4613 Words
    • 19 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Islamic Perspective

    • 3623 Words
    • 15 Pages

     يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا تَدَايَنتُم بِدَيْنٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى فَاكْتُبُوهُ وَلْيَكْتُب بَّيْنَكُمْ كَاتِبٌ بِالْعَدْلِ وَلاَ يَأْبَ…

    • 3623 Words
    • 15 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Resolution Movie

    • 1256 Words
    • 6 Pages

    من رأى منكم منكرا فليغيره بيده ، فإن لم يستطع فبلسانه ، فإن لم يستطع فبقلبه و ذلك أضعف الإيمان (رواه المسلم)…

    • 1256 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    linguistic

    • 282 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Morphology which is one branch of linguistic .Its etymology is Greek: morph- means ‘shape, form’, and morphology is the study of form or forms. It was basically used in biology but then was used in the middle of the nineteenth century, has also used to describe the type of investigation.…

    • 282 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Word Formation In English

    • 74179 Words
    • 421 Pages

    General properties of English affixation 98 4.4. Suffixes 109 4.4.1. Nominal suffixes 109 4.4.2. Verbal suffixes 116 4.4.3. Adjectival suffixes 118 4.4.4.…

    • 74179 Words
    • 421 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Word formation

    • 3593 Words
    • 13 Pages

    In linguistics, conversion, also called zero derivation, is a kind of word formation; specifically, it is the creation of a word (of a new word class) from an existing word (of a different word class) without any change in form.[1] For example, the noun green in golf (referring to a putting-green) is derived ultimately from the adjective green.…

    • 3593 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays