What Is The Cause Of Steeve Pasteau's The Republic Of Haiti

Steeve Coupeau, in The History of Haiti, informs us that The Republic of Haiti is formally known as St. Dominique. The indigenous people of Haiti were called Tainos. Upon the arrival of Christopher Columbus to the island, 12 to 20 million of the indigenous people were killed, enslaved, or died from the diseases that the Europeans brought along with them. A little later in history, the French colonized Haiti, which was now mostly populated by African slaves since most of the indigenous people had died from various reasons. The slaves eventually rose up and emancipated from the French, which explains the highly reminiscent French traces left behind such as the heavy influence on the national language. Haiti was one of the most famous producers
of sugar in the world(Coupeau 15-17). In Edward Briton’s dissertation, of Louisiana State University, he conveyed that,“three of Haiti's most important agricultural industries--coffee, sugarcane, and swine”(Britton abstract).
The size of Haiti is comparable to the size of the U.S. state of Maryland, being about 27,750 square kilometers in total size(The World Factbook). Haiti is the,

“second largest Caribbean Island, Haiti is situated 77 km southeast of Cuba. Haiti occupies the western third of the island it shares with the Dominican Republic and has 1530 km of coastline. Mountainous land between the Atlantic Ocean in the North and the Caribbean Sea in the South, Haiti also comprises several islands surrounding the main territory: La Gonâve, la Tortue, l’Ile-à-Vache, la Navase, etc.”(Haiti at a Glance).

Port-Au-Prince is Haiti’s capital. Haiti has a tropical climate for the most part, but is “semiarid where the mountains in the East cutoff trade winds”(The World Factbook). Haiti’s main natural resources as the following: bauxite, copper, calcium carbonate, gold, marble, hydropower, and arable land. 64% of the land is used as agricultural land (arable land: 38.5%, permanent crops 10.2%, permanent pasture 17.7%), 3.6% of the land remains forest, and 30% is used for other various reasons. In agriculture, the produced products include coffee, mangoes, cocoa, sugarcane, rice, corn, sorghum, wood, and vetiver (The World Factbook).
The Central Intelligence Agency displays that the GDP of Haiti has increased by around $94 million from the year 2014 to the year 2016.
In 2014 the GDP was $18.41 billion, in 2015 the GDP was $18.83 billion, and in 2016 the GDP was $19.35 billion. In 2014, 2015, and 2016, the GDP real growth rates were 2.8%, 1.2%, and 1.4%, respectively. The composition of Haiti’s GDP can be broken down into 3 main contributors: agriculture, industry and services. Agriculture produces 22.2% of the country's GDP. Industry produces 20.3% of Haiti’s GDP, and services composes 57.5% of the country’s GDP. “Taxes and other revenues make up 17.9% of the GDP”(The World Factbook). As a most up to date figure, Haiti had a 6.3% deficit in 2016; in the same year, public debt was 33.5% of GDP (The World
Factbook).
The technology and communication aspect of the country of Haiti is very undeveloped.
Out of all of the Latin American and Caribbean countries/territories, Haiti is in company of the least developed in telecommunications. There are about 5,692 subscriptions for fixed line telephones, which would mean that there is less than 1 subscription per 100 people residing in the country. Regarding to mobile telephones in Haiti, there are around 6,504,010 people who are currently subscribed to a mobile cellphone company, which means that there are about 62 subscriptions person 100 people that reside in the country. The pay-as-you-go plan has helped provide more affordable cell phone access in Haiti. Included in the technology and communication aspects of Haiti would be internet use. There are about 1,282,686 internet users in total in Haiti, this number equates to only around 12.2% of the population (The World Factbook). Lastly in the technology and communication aspect would be broadcast media. Broadcast media includes mainly television stations and radio stations. The CIA’s website also states that,

“130 television stations throughout the country, including 1 government-owned; cable TV subscription service available; 495 radio stations (of them, only 135 are licensed), including 1 government-owned; more than 250 private and community radio stations; over 50 FM stations in Port-au-Prince alone (2015)” (The World Factbook).
One situation that is now happening in Haiti is a struggle against
a disease called cholera.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines Cholera as ,

an acute, diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. An estimated 3-5 million cases and over 100,000 deaths occur each year around the world... Approximately one in 10 (5-10%) infected persons will have severe disease characterized by profuse watery diarrhea, vomiting, and leg cramps.”(Cholera general information).

According to a New York Times article, about the cholera crisis, published in June 2017, the United Nations (UN) has had peacekeepers in Haiti for about thirteen years. Within those thirteen years, the peacekeeper had not been closely following protocol for proper sewage disposal. This act introduced cholera into the country of Haiti. The disease has killed and affected over 10,000 Haitians and 800,000 people in total, respectively. The UN has been in battling various lawsuits since the cholera has broke