Period 1 / 12.3.12
Nomadic Empires and Eurasian Integration
Turkish Migrations and Imperial Expansion - Early Political Organization o Never formed single group o Organized in clans/tribes o Bitter fights with one another o Turkish clans & identity emerge after breakup of Xiongnu confederation 0-100 CE - Speak related languages - Nomads or descendants of them
Ghaznavid Empire (977–1186 CE) - Initially interested only in plunder - gradually interested in permanent rule - Mahmud of Ghazni (971-1030 CE) o Ghaznavid Turks of Afghanistan in raids of N India o Early 1000s begin plunder ▪ First Punjab ▪ Gujarat …show more content…
of local affairs o Extract tributes - Military o Small population but extraordinary army – 100,000-125,000 men o Equestrian skills ▪ Grew up riding horses ▪ Hone skills w/ hunting & competitive games ▪ Short bows enable archers to use while riding ▪ Stiff firing arrows reach long distances ▪ Mongol horsemen most mobile force in pre- modern world – surprise attacks on enemies o Psychology of