What Is The Separation Of Oil Of Clove And Eugenol
M. S. Ntamila and A. Hassanali University of Dares Salaam P.O. BOX 35061 Tanzania
kolation of Oil of Clove and Separation of Eugenol and Acetyl Eugenol .
An instructive experiment for beginning chemistry undergraduates chloride, and hydroxamic ester tests, and the preparation of the henzovl derivative of eupenol. Finally, ir spectra of the two components are examined, and the information ohtained comoared with that from chemical tests. Practical Detalls
Crush about 30-35 g of cloves with pestle and mortar and place in the distillation flask (500 ml) containing about 100 ml water; steam-distil for 1% hr heating both the boiler and the distillation flask. The receiver contains oil of clove, some separated and some dispersed in water. Extract the mixture with 3 portions of 25 ml chloroform. Examine the chloroform extract using the tlc plates (Silica Gel coated plates and running with chloroformlligroin: Y4). Develop the plate by exposing to iodine vapor or preferably spraying with concentrated sulfuric acid in ethanol and then heating a t 120°C. Retain a small sample (0.5 ml) of the chloroform solution. For the separation of the two major components, extract the chloroform solution with 3 portions of 25 ml 5% sodium hydroxide solution. The chloroform layer which now contains mainly acetyl eugenol is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, …show more content…
filtered, and the chloroform removed by distillation. Yield of acetyl eugenol: 0.2-0.3
The combined alkali extracts are made acid to litmus by the addition of hydrochloric acid and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform extract is similarly dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated to dryness. Yield of eugenol: 2-3 g. Examine solutions of eugenol and scetyl eugenol against that of the original extract by thin-layer chromatography. The original oil of clove will be seen to have been clearly separated into its two major components. ' T h e isolation of caffeine from tea is one of the oldest experiments available. See "Experimental Organic Chemistry," Baldwin, J., McGraw-Hill Co., New York, 1970. See also Unilever Laboratory Emeriment No. 5 on "The isola. . tion of oil of clove followed bv extraction of eueenol." "Guenther. E., ( ~ d i t o r ) , ' " ~ hEssential b i ~ s ; Vnl. IV, Van e Nostrand Co. Inc., New York, 1950, pp. 396-436. 'Tidbury, G. M., "The Clove Tree," Crbsby Lockwood and Son, Ltd., London, 1949. &"The Merck Index," 8th. Ed., Merck and Co., Ine., -U.S.A., 1968, p. 758.
g.
Although the study of naturally occurring compounds has heen an important preoccupation of orcanic chemists.
few exerri~es i&ol\.ing t h e isoI&i~n,separ&ion, purificarim, and physical and chemical study of natural products suitahle for l~erinnine " " students have been worked out.' The present experiment which we have developed a t Dar es Salaam,2 has the advantages that i t is simple to perform, requires only small quantities of readily available material, and may he completed within a normal practical period. Cloves are the dried unopened buds of the clove tree, Eupenia carvoohvllata (also known as Eupenia aromati" . "
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kolation of Oil of Clove and Separation of Eugenol and Acetyl Eugenol .
An instructive experiment for beginning chemistry undergraduates chloride, and hydroxamic ester tests, and the preparation of the henzovl derivative of eupenol. Finally, ir spectra of the two components are examined, and the information ohtained comoared with that from chemical tests. Practical Detalls
Crush about 30-35 g of cloves with pestle and mortar and place in the distillation flask (500 ml) containing about 100 ml water; steam-distil for 1% hr heating both the boiler and the distillation flask. The receiver contains oil of clove, some separated and some dispersed in water. Extract the mixture with 3 portions of 25 ml chloroform. Examine the chloroform extract using the tlc plates (Silica Gel coated plates and running with chloroformlligroin: Y4). Develop the plate by exposing to iodine vapor or preferably spraying with concentrated sulfuric acid in ethanol and then heating a t 120°C. Retain a small sample (0.5 ml) of the chloroform solution. For the separation of the two major components, extract the chloroform solution with 3 portions of 25 ml 5% sodium hydroxide solution. The chloroform layer which now contains mainly acetyl eugenol is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, …show more content…
filtered, and the chloroform removed by distillation. Yield of acetyl eugenol: 0.2-0.3
The combined alkali extracts are made acid to litmus by the addition of hydrochloric acid and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform extract is similarly dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated to dryness. Yield of eugenol: 2-3 g. Examine solutions of eugenol and scetyl eugenol against that of the original extract by thin-layer chromatography. The original oil of clove will be seen to have been clearly separated into its two major components. ' T h e isolation of caffeine from tea is one of the oldest experiments available. See "Experimental Organic Chemistry," Baldwin, J., McGraw-Hill Co., New York, 1970. See also Unilever Laboratory Emeriment No. 5 on "The isola. . tion of oil of clove followed bv extraction of eueenol." "Guenther. E., ( ~ d i t o r ) , ' " ~ hEssential b i ~ s ; Vnl. IV, Van e Nostrand Co. Inc., New York, 1950, pp. 396-436. 'Tidbury, G. M., "The Clove Tree," Crbsby Lockwood and Son, Ltd., London, 1949. &"The Merck Index," 8th. Ed., Merck and Co., Ine., -U.S.A., 1968, p. 758.
g.
Although the study of naturally occurring compounds has heen an important preoccupation of orcanic chemists.
few exerri~es i&ol\.ing t h e isoI&i~n,separ&ion, purificarim, and physical and chemical study of natural products suitahle for l~erinnine " " students have been worked out.' The present experiment which we have developed a t Dar es Salaam,2 has the advantages that i t is simple to perform, requires only small quantities of readily available material, and may he completed within a normal practical period. Cloves are the dried unopened buds of the clove tree, Eupenia carvoohvllata (also known as Eupenia aromati" . "
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