Preview

What Made Britain so Different from the Rest of Europe Before 1850?

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1872 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
What Made Britain so Different from the Rest of Europe Before 1850?
What made Britain so different from the rest of Europe before 1850?-
By 1850, Britain had changed in a number of social and economic ways, for a variety of reasons, primarily the industrial revolution as the historians O’Brien and Quinault argue that Britain ‘represented a potent “example” for Western Europe and the United States of what could be achieved’ highlighting British superiority and influence. The consequences of this momentous event can still be seen in Britain and around the world today due to the technological and scientific discoveries and innovations of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The development of British industry consequently led to significant differences between Britain and other European countries such as France and Portugal, however, the industrial revolution was not the single contributing factor to these differences. The expansion of the British Empire changed British society and ultimately led to greater power and influence over Europe, alongside important events such as the Napoleonic Wars, which in turn led to naval and military supremacy, as Britain were affected less negatively in comparison to other European countries. This essay will argue that Britain was different to Europe before 1850 as a result of the industrial revolution and its consequences, the expansion of the empire and the Napoleonic Wars.
It can be argued that Britain was different from the rest of Europe before 1850 as a result of the industrial revolution; however, one may argue that this was the case before the advent of industrialization. This can be attributed to the fact that the Industrial Revolution occurred primarily in Britain, rather than in any other European country, emphasising that there were significant differences in order for this to occur. Many historians will argue that Britain was the ideal nation for the events of the Industrial Revolution to occur in as the Agricultural Revolution had preceded it, therefore, productivity of the land



Bibliography: * Asa Briggs, ‘Manchester, Symbol of a New Age’, Victorian Cities. (New York and Evanston: Harper and Row, 1970) pp. 88-138. * N.F.R. Crafts, The Industrial Revolution: Economic Growth in Britain, 1700-1860. * Friedrich Engels, The Condition of the Working-Class in England in 1844, (Cosimo Inc., 2009) * Valerie Hansen, Kenneth Curtis, Kenneth R * Eric Hobsbawm, History of Civilisation: The Age of Revolution, Europe 1789-1848 (London, 1969) p. 29. * Joel Mokyr, ‘The Industrial Revolution’, The Oxford Encyclopaedia of Economic History, (Oxford University Press, 2003) vol. 3, pp. 49-56. * Patrick O’Brien and Roland Quinault, The Industrial Revolution and British Society (Cambridge University Press, 1993) p. 231. * Glenn Porter, ‘Industrial Revolution.’, Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia. (Microsoft Corporation, 1999) -------------------------------------------- [ 1 ]. Patrick O’Brien and Roland Quinault, The Industrial Revolution and British Society (Cambridge University Press, 1993) p. 3. [ 2 ]. Eric Hobsbawm, History of Civilisation: The Age of Revolution, Europe 1789-1848 (London, 1969) p. 29. [ 3 ]. Joel Mokyr, ‘The Industrial Revolution’, The Oxford Encyclopaedia of Economic History, (Oxford University Press, 2003) vol. 3, pp. 49-56. [ 4 ]. Joel Mokyr, ‘The Industrial Revolution’, The Oxford Encyclopaedia of Economic History, (Oxford University Press, 2003) vol. 3, pp. 49-56. [ 5 ]. Patrick O’Brien and Roland Quinault, The Industrial Revolution and British Society (Cambridge University Press, 1993) p. 231. [ 6 ]. Asa Briggs, ‘Manchester, Symbol of a New Age’, Victorian Cities. (New York and Evanston: Harper and Row, 1970) pp. 88-138. [ 7 ]. Friedrich Engels, The Condition of the Working-Class in England in 1844, (Cosimo, Inc., 2009) [ 8 ] [ 9 ]. Joel Mokyr, ‘The Industrial Revolution’, The Oxford Encyclopaedia of Economic History, (Oxford University Press, 2003) vol. 3, pp. 49-56. [ 10 ]. N.F.R. Crafts, The Industrial Revolution: Economic Growth in Britain, 1700-1860 [ 11 ] [ 12 ]. Joel Mokyr, ‘The Industrial Revolution’, The Oxford Encyclopaedia of Economic History, (Oxford University Press, 2003) vol. 3, pp. 49-56. [ 13 ]. N.F.R. Crafts, The Industrial Revolution: Economic Growth in Britain, 1700-1860. [ 14 ]. Joel Mokyr, ‘The Industrial Revolution’, The Oxford Encyclopaedia of Economic History, (Oxford University Press, 2003) vol. 3, pp. 49-56. [ 15 ]. Valerie Hansen, Kenneth Curtis, Kenneth R Curtis, Voyages in World History, Volume 2, (Cengage Learning, 2003) p. 664.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Better Essays

    In order to discuss the key impact that the Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th century that began in the United Kingdom and spread throughout western Europe; I believe that we must first realize that through the history of human existence we seem to somehow fix what we break, innovation as the result of chaos…creation for destruction; and I believe that history shows that humans occasionally takes huge leaps in logical evolution of reasoning and intelligence whether it is nature’s course or self-imposed by an invading circumstance of need. And it is under this premise that I believe that the Industrial Revolution was an inevitable occurrence that was ignited by the overpopulation; just as the inevitable revolution of technology changes that had occurred in Rome at the beginning of the Roman Empire Era in 49 BC which was also because of over population. Advancements in technology were needed in order to meet the demands of the population.…

    • 1280 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Chapter 1 talks about the industrial revolution and the changes it brought on. It started in Great Britain in the late 1790’s and spread violently across Europe. Countries that were dominated by the agriculture switched to a new industrial society. Many factories across the globe were created and helped modernize many cities. Material goods were produced at an alarming rate and were readily available for the consumer. With the boom of factories in city areas, job opportunities were available thousands of people and even for women. “The working classes constituted almost 80 percent of the population of Europe. New inventions were also being created to aid life for people. With the creation of the engine, new technologies such as the train, cotton gin, and later the automobile revolutionized how people and goods could move across vast areas. “The processing of liquid fuels-petroleum and it’s distilled derivatives-made possible the widespread use of the internal combustion engine as a source of power in transportation. There were also quite a few social changes. The wealth that the new industry brought was shared unequally and made the standard of living for the average person quite bad. Such living conditions spread anger and frustration which started many revolts across Europe. The industrial revolution also knocked to era of renaissance into the history books.…

    • 768 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    This paper intends to compare the first industrial revolution of the 17th and 18th centuries and the second industrial revolution of the mid-18th and 19th centuries. It will highlight the transformation from the first revolution to the second revolution, focusing on the presence of giant firms and role of science and technology in economic activities. Additionally, it will introduce the two worldly philosophers Karl Marx and Adam Smith on these issues.…

    • 1420 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Dbq Imperialism In Africa

    • 679 Words
    • 3 Pages

    The Industrial Revolution, occurring from around 1760-1820, was the development of a technologically advanced society. As modern ideals swept Europe, a global advancement in a manufactured economy drove countries to keep up with leading nations and competitors. “Once the status of great power…

    • 679 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    "Hist 1C: Lecture 2-3." History 1C: The Industrial Revolution. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 May 2014.…

    • 948 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    In this essay I will research into the industrial revolution and how this affected the working class, I will look at the way society was policed before and how it changed during and after the revolution. The Industrial revolution began around 1750 and gradually spread across Britain, the changes to Britons agricultural, manufacturing, mining and transport had a huge effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions in the UK and had a major impact on the way we live our lives today. In eighteenth century Britain there were three primary social classes, the peasants, the bourgeoisie and the aristocrats, conditions of the working class or peasants were very bad.…

    • 1104 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    The Industrial Revolution started in Britain, where population was sky rocketing and demand for goods was increasing. This higher demand forced innovators and scientists to invent machines that would make production much faster than their old ways. Before the push for new technology, goods were being produced through the putting-out system: one where a manufacturer would make part of the product, send it out for someone to finish it, then put it on the market. One of the first steps towards the Industrial Revolution was John Kay’s flying shuttle built in 1733. This machine allowed for weaving of cloth to be faster so that thread could be produced in surplus. Labor forces were being lowered because machines began to perform jobs humans did at a consistent and more productive rate. As factories developed, agricultural farms began to decline and those labor forces of slaves were sent to work in factories. Soon after this surge of innovation, slavery began to dissipate in places like America, Britain, and France. But many people believe that the Industrial Revolution had nothing to do with the decline of slavery. On the contrary, slavery began to fall in places where industrialization was occurring because of industrialization itself. Machines were out-producing slaves, laws were passed to stop slaves from taking jobs in the city from white men, and slaves became very expensive.…

    • 964 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    “For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth … nothing remotely like this economic behavior has happened before”, these are the words of the Economic Nobel Prize, Robert Lucas Jr. concerning the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th century. This period marks an important point in history as it has affected and improved the lives of the millions of people in Europe, Japan and North America.…

    • 1469 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Edwards, Ronald . "Redefining Industrial Revolution: Song China and England." manuscript., Tamkang University, 2013. http://www.twmacro.org/papers/twmacro2013-59-ronald.pdf.…

    • 2041 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    During the early and mid 1800’s in Britain, the majority of the population was either poor, or was now classified as the new middle or working class. As innovations in the factory system kept being improved and pushed to their limits, the need for more working class people was evident. Since the working class made up the majority of people in Great Britain it is safe to argue that the Industrial Revolution did not improve the life of people in Britain. The reasons being poor health conditions in factories, long working hours for little pay, and a higher mortality rate due to a larger population in cities . The need for more food for the influx of people working in the cities lead to many problems for the working class people who had little…

    • 1113 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    “The Industrial Revolution was another of those extraordinary jumps forward in the story of civilization.” Stephen Gardiner succinctly describes the Industrial Revolution with this quote as a phenomenal turning point in the world. Between the 1700s and the 1800s, Britain’s onset of The Industrial Revolution forever changed life for humanity throughout the world. There were several negative and positive effects of The Industrial Revolution on society. Living conditions, mass production, and public health of the working class were dismal at the start of the Industrial Revolution, but profound dynamic changes occurred creating positive outcomes at the end of the Industrial Revolution.…

    • 882 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Kerr, C., Dunlop, J., Harbison, E. H., & Myers, C. (1962). Industrialism and industrial man. London: Heinemann.…

    • 2513 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Mr. Vital Schaap

    • 2152 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Alfred Chandler, worked at Harvard. He said that big businesses acted as a visible hand and drove the economy.…

    • 2152 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    EMERSON

    • 9013 Words
    • 37 Pages

    while Lagash is credited for implementing it. It is the science of administration which has…

    • 9013 Words
    • 37 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    - workers could not use the democratic political system to fight for rights and reforms…

    • 519 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays