Introduction
Cyber security became ever more crucial for global business and modern society. We are living in a data-centric world in which information technology and associated communications ' systems as well as networks that provide goods and services permeate every facet of our lives. This creates the safeguard of our digital assets and activities within cyberspace of critical importance, whether for individual life experience or a prosperous and sustainable society. But the challenge to understand cyber risk and deliver effective and accessible security becomes harder as technology continues to rapidly evolve and our systems become ever more complex. We are increasingly dependent upon such information and communications infrastructures, and the threats we face are organised and evolving the skills to exploit our dependency to further their interests.
There is an exigent need for creative ideas leading to the next generation of cyber security capability. Existing approaches are simply not able to meet the demands of a global society growing in cyberspace on the current path. New business models are forcing greater interdependency between people, organisations and nation states in order to successfully manage cyber risk. Success will necessarily require an ability to anticipate, deter, detect, resist and tolerate attacks, understand and predict cyber risks, and respond and recover effectively at all levels, whether individual, enterprise, national or across international markets. In order to meet the demands of the future we will require new understanding, governance, regulation, partnerships, skills, and tools.
1. The implication of cyber security for individuals, organisations and society
Before we address any issues relating cyber-security, we must look at the definition of the term in the first place. According to Wikipedia, cyber-security is called as computer security which is described as information