Kim Il Sung became the leader of North Korea in 1948, when the Republic was first established. Throughout his rule, Kim Il Sung pushed for increased military spending at the cost of economic development, a situation that was furthered by a drop in Soviet and Chinese aid in 1964 as well as the sluggish bureaucracy engrained in the command economy of the time. In order to maintain the morale and support of the people, and originally to reinvigorate his country’s economy, Kim Il Sung created a series of nationalist propaganda campaigns that targeted the working class, …show more content…
creating the illusion of a prosperous nation and serving as a distraction from the continued increase in military spending. These propagandist efforts motivated hundreds of thousands of workers to push themselves until exhaustion, resulted in short term industrial growth, pushed Kim Il Sung’s Socialist agenda, and funded efforts to expand the military. Kim Il Sung used nationalist propaganda in order to revitalize the work force and gain support for his regime despite their economic strategic failures.
Kim Il Sung visited a factory in Kangsong and asked factory worker with the materials and abilities to produce 60 000 tons of steel to produce 70 000 for him. When they surprised him by making 120 000 tons, he honored them with the title “Chollima riders” and sparked the Chollima Movement in 1956, alluding to mythical winged horses said to be too fast to be ridden.
Kim encouraged workers to compete for ornamental titles, such as “Chollima Work Team”, and by 1957 had more than 180 000 workers join the Chollima movement.
Workers were told in speeches and on flyers that they were helping their already-prosperous country grow, when in reality the nation was in economic decline.
“Chollima work team” was a title awarded to teams that set ambitious production targets, but winners would be awarded with honorific items, such as banners, flags and notebooks, instead of food or money
By the mid 1960s, most of the public was convinced and distracted by these nationalistic messages, and DPRK stopped publishing economic statistics, further highlighting the “Strong North Korea” rhetoric of the
time.
Economically, these propagandist efforts resulted in short term industrial growth that funded the exorbitant military expansion Kim Il Sung focused a large portion of the nation’s economy on.
Short term industrial growth, averaging 37% annually from 1957-61, that was shouted at the people to further back up the “Strong North Korea” rhetoric
This industrial growth provided Kim Il Sung with the funds that he needed to pay for a greater military, while keeping the people distracted from noticing
Politically, the five year plan pushed and enforced Kim Il Sung’s socialist agenda, consolidating his position as leader.
The slogan “One for all, all for one” pushed socialist agenda
Workers upheld Communist lifestyle, with limited and shared resources
Nationalism reinvigorated the public’s trust in the regime
Socially, working class people who had been hit hard by the economic decline were targeted and incentivized to work harder + longer hours, resulting in a revitalized labor force.
Literally and figuratively hungry for for opportunity: more than 200,000 members joined within the first two years after the start of the program in 1956
People who were experiencing the famine were distracted, finding themselves worrying about getting a title instead of wondering how they’re going to get food.
Kim IL Sung used nationalism and Stakhanovite propaganda to push the working class until exhaustion, leaving them with little labor/resources left over