“Democracy provides the most just and efficient form of political rule” Asses whether Plato has shown his claim to be false.…
Buddha once vowed that “if a man can control his mind he can find the way to Enlightenment, and all wisdom and virtue will naturally come to him.” This quote correlates to Plato’s works written shortly after the Peloponnesian War (431 BC- -404 BC) between Athens and Sparta, arising from Sparta’s fear of Athens’s increasing power and knowledge. This relates to the Socratic dialogues The Gorgias and The Republic illustrating significance of temperance towards pursue of the good and explicates the deceitfulness of imitative poetry through Socrates. Polus, the adversary of The Gorgias’s second phase, maintains that to suffer injustice is worse than to commit injustice, something that Socrates later disproves. The third and final phase of The Gorgias,…
Athenians live as the society tells them to live, and they follow their own traditions, customs, and morals of the rest of the people. Socrates has never forced Athenians to follow his teachings, on the contrary he lets them do it without getting anything in return. He states “And I cannot justly be held responsible for the good or bad conduct of these people, as I never promised to teach them anything.” (33a-b) He doesn’t directly influence society, he tries to make them aware of their lack of knowledge; it then becomes their responsibility to fill the void exposed by Socrates. Therefore, he believes they have not examined their own lives. Socrates believes an examined life is one that is reflective, where we examine actions on the basis of…
“Socrates: Should a man professionally engaged in physical training pay attention to the praise and blame and opinion of any man or to those of one man only namely a doctor or trainer”. The problem with this is that the opinion of the majority bears a different type of value than the opinion of a single specialized instructor. In his example it seems accurate to follow the advice of a doctor because the majority is generally uneducated on training. However, you can not trust the advice of just one person. This doctor may have a special agenda. He could be paid by another athlete to make the man training lose. Of course Socrate’s paradigm is just an illustration and is not meant to be examined too deeply but when we apply it to real life…
I believe that Socrates has made the absolute most just decision with everything he could have done. It still remains remarkable to me that he had turned down such an easy and pleasant life of exile to take on his execution that he is innocent for. Although it seems like such a hard thing to pass on, I know I would have done the exact same thing after some deep thought about how it would impact myself along with the rest of the community. I fully stand behind Socrates’ decision by staying in prison and taking on his…
He believes that these laws has given him birth, have educated him, raised him and have shared the wealth of Athens with him. Socrates thinks that the people of Athens are free to leave if they find the laws unjust, but if they want to stay then they must abide by the laws of Athens. The only thing that he points out are the people in power. He thinks that the people who are in power have changed the original laws for their own benefit. “been wronged, not by the Laws, but by men” (p 54). Socrates accepts death penalty because he wants the laws should be remain in place. Given opportunities such as exile or apology, he argues that if he escape from the prison, it will destroy the laws of the city and, eventually, the city because according to Socrates no city can survive without its laws being enforced. Therefore, Socrates steadfast by his believes of not violating any…
In 431 B.C, war erupted in Greece as two very different Greek city-states, Athens and Sparta, fought for domination of the Greek world. In the first winter of the war held a public funeral to honor those who had died in battle. As was the custom in Athens, one leading citizen was asked to address the crowd, and on this day it was Pericles who spoke to the people.…
On another note, Socrates doesn’t understand why being honest with himself and the people should be cause for execution. If the nobility’s beliefs are so self-evidently true, why are they so defensive when questioned? Socrates doesn’t intend to tear down the ideology rather, he wants to point out concepts that could be adjusted. In other words, he wants the people to care for the city itself more than its materialistic aspects. Critiquing the views of the well-respected should be met with open arms rather than execution.…
This is one of the many moments in which Agathon’s career as a dramatist obviously influences the way he creates his argument. However, Agathon’s conclusion seems to be the most exemplary of his poetic and demagogic style. He begins his finale with the overdramatic line “I am moved to express myself in verse” (197c-197d). The exaggerated emotional nuance to the sentence seems almost mocking—as though Plato is poking fun at the tendencies of poets—thus also serving to underline the ridiculousness of Agathon’s closing statement (and his previous…
• 1. In the Apology, Socrates recounts how he disobeyed the unjust order of the Thirty Tyrants to arrest a fellow citizen; he also claims that he will never stop philosophizing, regardless of what the legally constituted political authority commands. Yet, in the Crito, Socrates provides numerous arguments for obeying the decision of the legally constituted political authority, even though the decision (to put Socrates to death) was unjust. Critically assess whether Socrates’s view about political obligation in the two texts is consistent.…
Why, in a society relishing freedom and democracy, would a seventy-year-old philosopher be executed for what he was teaching? What could Socrates have done to prompt a jury of 500 Athenians send him to his death just a few years before he would have died naturally? He was charged with not believing in the gods worshipped by the city, introducing new divinities and for corrupting the youth. Socrates was a freethinker who went around Athens probing his fellow Athenians with questions and dialectal interrogations about religion and politics. He held contemporary views, that when he expressed them, provoked his listeners to anger. In 423 B.C., Socrates produced a play called Clouds, which at the time proved to be no threat to Athenian values and democracy. Characters in the play were taught how strengthen weak arguments by learning rhetorical skills and trickery and innovative divinities were introduced. However in 399 B.C., Socrates was charged with impiety. This was not the only charge brought against this philosopher; he was also accused for corrupting adolescences, Alcibiades and Critias. Should he have been condemned to death over such charges? Although religion and the state were central to ancient Athenian law, Socrates was executed unjustly.…
In the Gorgias1, Socrates says, “I think that I am the only or almost the only Athenian living who practices the true art of politics; I am the only politician of my time”, while in the Apology2, he claims that “he who will really fight for the right, if he would live even for a little while, must have a private station and not a public one.” As we know, Socrates did manage to live for over 70 years, and did indeed confine himself to a private stance; but how can one be a politician without being a public figure? Or was Socrates not a true champion of justice, as he maintained to be?…
The first reason Socrates believed that his death would be more harmful on the Athenian people because the children would lose their teacher. The children looked up to Socrates as their role model, they enjoyed watching him examine people and proving them unwise when they think that they are wise. They learnt from his philosophizing. Socrates predicted that his execution would make the children of Athens rebel. During the trial, he used the analogy of horses and horse trainers in comparison to teaching the children. He stated that not just anyone can train a horse; only an expert could do so. Most people would have a negative effect on the horses if they tried to train them. Therefore, saying that the same goes for children, it would take someone with expertise to better the children’s minds. Without an appropriate mentor the children would never learn as they age into adulthood which would affect Athens for years to come.…
Socrates, one of the greatest minds go Ancient Greece’s was no exception. As a sophist, Socrates was considered a teacher of the noble. Sophist of Greed taught young men ’arete’: excellence or virtue for a price. However, Socrates wasn’t a regular sophist, he never accepted any monetary reward for his ’teachings“ (b316,p813) and he never actually taught anything but rather trained minds to think. Socrates states at the trail that he doesn’t have any true knowledge and he believed that in order to have any true knowledge one must be able to produce a single, clear definition of a subject without any exclusions to the rule, something that he was never able believed that he couldn’t do.Rather than use he own opinions to teach his pupils what to think, Socrates used ”systematic questioning“ (b136p813) to help clear their own minds and reach their own conclusions just by thinking. A skill that they could carry forward, into their lives as Athenian citizens. With this in mind, it is nearly impossible for the Athenians government to find Socrates guilty of…
Since Athenians were so close minded, they out casted anyone that didn't conform to their traditions. They should have been open to anything and not simply dislike a person or a situation because it didn’t follow their ideals. Socrates’ trial eventually led to his death and this illustrates that everyone has limitations. We can’t reject what we were taught or certain laws in society just because we don’t agree. Society functions because we work together and change together not because we do what we want. Furthermore, when Socrates was on trial he made a point to say that the democracy was poison to the people. Yet when his friend Crito offers him an escape from his death he denies the offer because he believes it is unjust to not face his execution. There are many theories behind why Socrates said no since he didn’t support the democracy; I believe it is because he had an open mind. (Crito,76-77). Yes, him being open-minded lead to his death; however, it indicates that he understood limitations of the law and respected societies perspectives.…