The Individual competition is a classical style biathlon race covering 20 km for men and 15 km for women, with 4 shooting lanes. Biathletes start at intervals of either 30 seconds or one minute with each competitor choosing his (her) own shooting lane. The first and third shooting stages are taken from the prone position, while the second and fourth are fired standing. Biathletes are penalized one minute for each missed target.
The Sprint is an abbreviated version of the Individual competition and one in which speed is a key factor. Men race 10 km, and women 7.5 km, each with two shooting rounds - one prone and one standing. For every missed target, a competitor must complete a 150-meter penalty loop.
In the Pursuit competition, athletes start in a staggered fashion depending on their time in the sprint race. Men ski 12.5 km and women 10 km. Each covers four shooting stages—the first two are taken prone and the second two from a standing position. As with the Sprint competition, athletes ski a 150-meter penalty loop for each miss.
The Mass Start competition is one of the newest biathlon formats. It covers a distance of 15 km for men and 12.5 km for women, with four shooting stages, the first two prone and second two standing. In each race, the 30 highest ranked athletes start together simultaneously and take their place at the first shooting stage depending on their