Civil wars were common, with a full-scale war breaking out during 1467-1477 when rival heirs fought to claim the shogunate with the support of warlords.…
Female Mill Workers in England and Japan were indeed quite different. Workers in Japan had lower incomes and there were more young female workers. England had higher wages and the ages varied. Through the eleven documents, one can see that they can be broken into four categories, showing the differences between the two countries. The four categories being background information, gender and age, wages and hours, and working conditions. Through these eleven documents one can see that Female Mill Workers in Japan and England were different.…
3. What does the text reveal about the roles of men in Heian Japan? How are they…
From 1450 C.E. to 1750 C.E., Japan experienced unexpected political and economic transformation, yet the cultural continuities were much perserved. It was during this time period that the Japanese government became more politically centralized and economically flourishing. Meanwhile, the cultural traditions were much maintained, though new forms existed.…
The role of women varied between dynasties and continents. Most women back then were restricted from doing real jobs, like becoming a merchant or soldier in the military. The women of the Tokugawa Shogunate had about one role in their community, as well as the women in Europe’s High Middle Ages. These women from both the Tokugawa Shogunate and the High Middle Ages had some similarities and differences between each other.…
Tokugawa era Japan was a very different period than those before it, instead of proving loyalty and honor on the battlefield it was drawn from more diplomatic situations. The Tokugawa period brought with it an era of lasting peace for nearly 250 years, and with it came different ways in which to occupy ones self. Many things in society changed including, the warring ways of the samurai where honor was drawn from the strength and skill turned into peaceful times when martial skill was practiced to maintain. However, besides the peaceful times many things remained the same about the Japanese social structure. Men and women still were very aware of honorable behavior, which held the basis for social culture. Although some similarities between the two were apparent, the more interesting seem to be the ways in which women were observed to display honorable behavior. The seemingly confined life of a women was very basic yet very strict in conduct. While men presented the strength of the household outside women held up the integrity of the house from within.…
In Europe, women were responsible for certain activities and were also treated with respect, while in Japan, they were entirely serving men. The European women were expected to stay home and be trained in household chores, such as farming or sewing, and they didn’t have an option to chose who they want to marry. On the other hand, the Japanese women held a more equal status as Japanese men. For example, the Japanese women were allowed to inherit part of their family’s estate and some women even became Samurais. The use of a feudal system in Japan affected their women by becoming more equal, while in Europe, they were only valued for their work and what they did. Women enjoyed a higher role and status in Japan at the time, due to the feudal…
In the Postclassical Era, the overall role of women and the roles they played in society began to change. The three major civilizations of China, Japan and the Mongol Empire were no exceptions. The everyday rights of women varied among these societies. The relationships between women and their husbands differed among the civilizations as well. Finally, specific women in each society held positions unique to their own cultures. During the postclassical period, women in China, Japan, and the Mongol Empire played different roles in their respective societies, with the main subjects of comparison being their everyday rights, their relationships with their husbands, and the positions specific individuals held.…
Japanese feudal system during the Kamakaru Shogunate from 1100 to 1868 and Europe’s feudal system during the middle ages from the 800’s to the 1600’s were similar regarding warriors and weapons, considering that they were based on similar codes of conduct and weaponry, were similar in their socio-political division that had a similar hereditary hierarchy, but the treatment of women differed in that women were allowed to serve in Japanese warrior class but not in the European’s.…
Sherman, D., Grunfeld, A. T., Markowitz, G., Rosner, D., & Heywood, L. (2006). World civilizations: Sources, images, and interpretations (4th ed.). (Vol. 1). Boston: McGraw-Hill Learning Solutions.…
With the dawn of industrialization Production’s most valuable resource was not raw materials, but time. The steam engine allowed vast amounts of goods to be created cheaply, and so it was ultimately decided by the workers how much was produced; rather than their work being limited by their materials it was limited by their speed. And so, efficiency, that is producing as much as possible as fast as possible, became the factory owner’s first priority. Because of their need for labor they employed females on a scale unlike any other time in history. Two examples, England and Japan, show the universal dilemmas of this mentality. Low wages for maximum profit, long working hours, and the harsh nature of the work, was common for both societies. Despite being practically hemisphere apart, both groups of women were subjugated to unfair practices as greed transcends borders. Despite working the same job for the same period of time, women were paid substantially less than men, and even men were paid very little. However, as industrial life replaced rural life families became smaller and less money had to be dedicated to food. Under this system families and women had a substantially better relationship with their boss then they would have had under their feudalistic past where what little income they had was directed back towards the lord. Compared to the iconic “9 to 5” most Americans have come to know, the working hours of women in both England and Japan were severe; in fact, a more appropriate approximation would be “5 to 9”, as days would start early and end far later. However, this did not seem to bother both groups of females as it was not so much the longevity of their work as it was their lack of adequate pay. During the long work shift in the textile industry women made up the large majority in both English factories (anywhere from63% to 96%) and Japanese factories (92%) and seeing a man was rare. Because…
Reading this the author shows how little historical and cultural differences matter. We feel as if we know these women who are telling their stories. These women were oppressed: for being women and for being Japanese. In the final sentence of "First Night," Otsuka writes, "They took us swiftly, repeatedly, all throughout the night, and in the morning when we woke we were theirs." This quote demonstrates how their identity and everything they once knew has now vanished and been taken away from them. The women began to overlook or maybe intentionally disregard where they came from and who they really are deep inside their souls. They said, "We forgot about Buddha. We forgot about God. . . . I fear my soul has died. . . . And often our husbands did not even notice we’d disappeared." This is a very powerful line the book. It is suggesting the lost of their inner-selves. Otsuka writes of the women’s children, "One by one all the old words we had taught them began to disappear from their heads. They forgot the names of the flowers in Japanese. They forgot the names of the colors". This is significant because it shows how the children’s cultural inheritance would die out along with their race and…
From the day of birth girls growing into women knew of no other life but serving men, Most girls didn’t go to school, as Chinese didn’t find it important that women got and education. There marriages were arranged by their fathers and once married the women served her husband’s family and often became a servant of the mother- in-law forbidden to disobey any of her wishes.…
In this article, Leslie Ito describes the experiences of Japanese American women during their time behind the barded wired fence and their movement from camps to colleges . The article argues that while living in the camps these Japanese American women sought out to earn an educational degree and become representatives for their Japanese American communities. NJASRC a non-governmental committee group created by member of the Japanese American community became the driving force behind the movement from camps to college. This opened up greater opportunities for Japanese American women, more than they could have ever imagined. It gave these women the opportunity to leave the camp and go to college to become ambassadors for their community…
After the Meiji Restoration in 1868, the concept of human rights and universal suffrage began to take hold in Japan. During the late 19th century, the first proponents for women's rights advocated, not for political inclusion or voting rights, but for reforms in the patriarchal society oppressing women. Of prime importance to the early feminist movement was the call for women's education. Policymakers believed that this was imperative to the preservation of the state, as it would prepare girls to become effective wives and mothers capable of producing diligent, patriotic sons. Although policymakers did not necessarily have the same motives as women's rights advocates in their call for women's education, the availability of education…