Mesopotamia and Classical India alike were both patriarchal societies. This is important because it shows how much we have advanced in women’s rights. Women in both civilizations were treated as property. While women in Classical India were protected, the rights they received were nowhere near the same as they were for men. Only men had the right to own property and make trades in both civilizations. Women were even treated poorly in the law codes. In the code of Hammurabi, if a woman’s husband died they would need to throw themselves in a fire. All women were to live for was their husbands. The patriarchal society of Classical India and Mesopotamia shows how women were treated and interacted with.…
The most prominent religion of ancient Mesopotamia was polytheism. In the surrounding areas of Mesopotamia, polytheism was mostly practiced also. The Israelites, Jews and Hebrews were in contact with Mesopotamians quite often and they were impacted by their religion and beliefs. They believed in similar gods as the Mesopotamians, including several nature spirits. It wasn’t until the time of Moses, when the Israelites embraced a monotheistic way of worshiping. When Judaism was introduced, it wasn’t widely accepted among the area. The religion did influence the development of other religions. Writing systems in Mesopotamia showed that Mesopotamia and the other areas surrounding it were intermixing and adapting to one another. Syrian and Phoenician cultures developed their own systems of writing based off of Mesopotamian culture. Writing evolved over time by the intermixing of cultures. During this time, the ancient peoples developed new ways of building and constructing ships, iron and metal welding, developed several tools still used today and trade networks. The…
Mesopotamia was very specific when it came to the laws. The Code of Hammurabi was very straight forward in the sense that woman controlled nothing. If the husband died the son inherited his possessions. If the son was young the wife got one-third of the land. When the boy grew up the land would become his. Many laws in the Code affected woman harshly. Sometimes the women didn’t do much of anything to deserve the consequence. For example, if a woman owned a tavern and didn’t take the right amount of corn for a drink, she was thrown into the water. Men of Mesopotamia were also very cautious about the women they married or “spent their time with”. You didn’t want to be with the wrong type of female whether it was for image purposes or just the type of marriage you were involving yourself with. Elite men rewarded each other with gifts of gold, horses, slaves etc. Although patriarchy was the way of life they did view their god as a woman whom they valued very much.…
Hammurabi’s Code of Laws is often described as an important new “technology” of rule because it established clear expectations of rights, obligations, and possible penalties for all Mesopotamians, thereby making delegation of ruling power easier while also providing people with the stability if knowing what to expected of them. The codes also give modern-day people a clear picture of Mesopotamian values as well as their social and gender differences. Summarize the limitations and rights that Mesopotamian women have.…
In parallel to most other civilizations of the time Mesopotamians worshiped a variety of different higher gods and goddesses who were thought to be in charge of various facets of everyday life. The Mesopotamians polytheism was a little different than others though-they thought of their gods and goddesses as the same as normal humans (foolish, selfish, angry etc.) except for the fact that they were immortal and supremely powerful. The Mesopotamian afterlife was also a bit more dark and dreary than that of later…
At this time, Hebrews were the only monotheistic religion that was established. Egyptians built many different monuments to their own pharaohs and the many different gods that they worshipped. Ziggurats were the Mesopotamian way to honor their gods. Assyrians believed that because gods could be in human form, there needed to be a house, or a place where they could communicate with the other humans. They also believed that these gods needed to be sheltered, hence the house. These practiced taught us that these ancient civilizations needed an explanation for the things around them. That even though they couldn’t see these gods exactly,…
Each of these regions practiced polytheism, the belief of many gods. Both believed that they were created by gods and that a person’s sole purpose was to serve the gods. Egyptians were very adamant about this servitude while the Mesopotamians were more relaxed in their religious practice. The Egyptians would try their hardest to show the gods they obeying them and focused on following their rules. Pyramids were built to honor them. They had faith that if they did well by the gods the gods would do well by them in the afterlife. The Mesopotamians made statues to show respect and support to their gods and hoped that indicated they worshiped them. Their daily life was also concentrated on making the gods happy in the here and now. They felt their gods responded to its people’s works by a show of nature: i.e. hurricanes, rain, floods, drought etc.. They built ziggurats, tall temples that enable people to be closer to the gods.…
There are some stark differences in the social structure when comparing Mesopotamia and India in the early time of the world, but there were many similarities as well. Religion was very powerful in that time and helped guide the social structure. In Mesopotamia you had a central monarchy that introduced the code of Hammurabi, while India lacking any form of bureaucracy followed a stringent caste system that has evolved and a form of it still used today.…
In both civilizations religious leaders were given a very high status. They were both polytheistic, meaning they believed their world was ruled by more than one god. They believed that the gods created them, and they were also responsible for good harvests. Now that Mesopotamia and Egypt were more technologically advanced, they both built religious structures. Mesopotamia built ziggurats, and the Egyptians built pyramids. The priests went to the Ziggurats and Pyramids to pray, and to make offerings to the gods.…
Mesopotamian and Egyptian were polytheistic. Polytheism means they believed in more than one god. For example, Babylonians of Mesopotamia believed in the gods Tiamat and Marduk. We know not just Babylon’s religious beliefs, but many Mesopotamian cultures gods because of historical writings such as the Epic of Gilgamesh. The Epic of Gilgamesh talks about Gilgamesh’s conquest for…
Mesopotamian society was set up as city-states, where farming villages were connected to an urban are, ruled by a leader living in a palace in the city. This decentralized government is in sharp contrast with the centralized and divine leadership of the Egyptian ruler. The villages in Mesopotamia provided produce, and the urban area provided military protection and specialized goods. There were many city-states in Mesopotamia. The city-states often fought for control of resourses, but they also came together when large man power was needed as in building new irrigation systems. The geography of both Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilization helped to develop the religion, the political and economic environment of two great early civilizations. Mesopotamian civilization was comprised of city-states. Their society was divided into landowners, farmers/artisans/and slaves. With the importance of farming, the role of women diminished, since the men did the hard labor of plowing. Women were still allowed to own land at the time. The writing system in Mesopotamia, cuneiform, was controlled by male scribes. This dominance probably led to a further decline in the role of women in Mesopotamian society. Women were allowed to engage in trade, work outside their homes, and make baskets and clean their homes. Politics was off limits.…
b. Presented with the Order of Valor and venerated as the mother of the heroes…
These river valleys were both polytheistic, or believed in many gods. The difference lies in what they believed to be the gods. Ancient Egyptians believed that the pharaoh was a god that was sent down to rule over all of them. They also believed in the gods and goddesses were in control of the forces and elements of nature. Mesopotamia on the other hand, believed in Anu or An - the god of heaven and the sky, lord of constellations, and father of the gods. They also believed in Adad or Ishkur - god of storms, and Ashur Enlil - god of wind. (Ancient.eu)…
In the Roman Empire, women supervised the household, and also could inherit property. Although they were greatly confined to domestic duties, they had limited freedom, depending on the husband. In the Athens, the only freedom the women had was the domestic duties. They lived in buildings separate from their husband, and could not even eat meals with them. This is very different from the Minoans civilization. They worshipped many female gods, which resulted in them having a great respect for the women of their societies. The women were equals with men, and had a great amount of freedom.…
The role of women within Egyptian society was a highly complex one. Differing depending on their particular class and place within the social hierarchy, the women of ancient Egypt are often described as the most legally free and equal of any ancient civilisation.…