world geography

World Geography
Chapter 4 Homework
Due by Wednesday, 10/16/13

Student Name: _Mikel Quer______________________________________________________ Date: ____________________

Answers MUST be typed directly onto the Homework worksheet.
Answers MUST be recorded in RED.

Lesson 1

1. What is culture?
-The total of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed on by members of a specific group
2. How does a society differ from an ethnic group?
- A society is a group that shares a geographic region, a sense of identity, and a culture is called a society, and ethnic group is a term used to define a group of that shares a language, customs, and a common heritage.
3. How do the terms innovation, diffusion, and culture hearth relate to technology?
- Innovation is when you make up something new, diffusion is the spread of the invention, and cultural hearth is the start place of diffusion.
4. What is acculturation? When does “acculturation” have a positive effect on society?
- When a society changes because it accepts or adopts an innovation.
5. What aspect of culture is the most important? Why?
- Language because it reflects all aspects of culture.
6. What is a language family? Which language family includes the English language?
- How they categorize languages with other languages. Indo-European family.
7. What are the two ways languages diffuse?
- Trade or invention.
8. What are the three types of religions?
- Monotheistic, polytheistic, animistic.
9. Write a brief description of the following religions: Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism
- Judaism- the oldest monotheistic religion. Christianity- Based on the teachings of Jesus and is also monotheistic. Islam-Muhammad a merchant taught messages that were brought to him from an angel. Hinduism- has been dated for 5000 years and is polytheistic. Buddhism- It rejects the strict rules of Hinduism, Buddha promoted a way of living in order to reach an enlightened spiritual state called nirvana.
10. List the ways a culture can express itself creatively.
- Performing arts, Visual arts, and Oral and written literature.
Lesson 2

1. What are the two main factors that have contributed to a soaring population growth since the 1800s? – The world was getting more and more industrialized, people increased their sanitation methods.

2. Define each of the following terms: birthrate, fertility rate, mortality rate, and infant Mortality rate – Birthrate- The number of live births per thousand populations. Fertility rate- The number of women that can give birth. Mortality rate- the death rate. Infant mortality rate- the number of deaths among infants.
3. How do you determine the “rate of natural increase”? - Subtract the mortality rate from the birthrate.

4. What is a population pyramid? – A graphic device that shows sex and age distribution of a population.

5. Why are populations NOT distributed equally across the earth? Where are the largest populations located? – Because some lands are not suitable for human habitation. In the northern hemisphere.

6. What is the difference between a Push factor and a Pull factor in migration? – Push factors are why people leave a place and pull is why people come to a place.

7. What is population density? - The average number of people who live in a measurable area.

8. Why is it difficult to accurately calculate population density for an entire nation? - Because the population is not spread evenly across the map.
9. What is carrying capacity? What factors can change the lands carrying capacity? - The number of organism a piece of land can support.

Lesson 3

1. Define the terms state, nation, nation-state, and stateless nation. 2. Describe the four categories of government. - Democracy, Monarchy, Dictatorship, Communism.
3. What are the three most important geographic characteristics of a country? - Size, shape, and relative location.
4. What impact does “shape” have on a country? - How easily it can be governed.
5. What is meant by landlocked? - One country surrounded by other land and with no direct outlet to sea.
6. What is a state allowed to do within its national boundaries? - Collect taxes, set up a legal code and declare an official language.
7. What is the difference between natural boundaries and artificial boundaries? - A natural boundary is one that is made up of natural things such as rivers lakes, or chains of mountains. Artificial boundaries are made from latitude lines.
8. Why are most countries divided into smaller political units? - To make governing more efficient.
9. What is an example of a group of states joining together to promote mutual goals? -The European Union.
10. What is the largest (global) political unit ? - United States.
Lesson 4

1. Describe a city, suburb, and exurb. What is a metropolitan area?
- City- Centers of business and culture. Suburbs- Political units touching the borders of the central city. Exurb- Smaller towns or cities with open land between them. Metropolitan area- The city, its suburbs and exurbs.
2. List the characteristics cities around the world have in common.
- Good transportation, easy access to natural resources.
3. What are the basic land use patterns found in a city? - Residential, industrial, commercial.
4. Describe the central business district (CBD). -The core of the city.
5. How do the Concentric Zone Model, Sector Model, and Multiple Nuclei Model differ? - ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
6. What role does transportation play in the city’s ability to support a variety of functions?
- To move thousands of people from place to place.
Lesson 5

1. Define the term economy. - The production and exchange of goods and services among a group of people.
2. Describe the four basic types of economic systems. - Traditional economy, Command economy, Market economy, and Mixed economy.
3. What is the difference between subsistence agriculture and market-oriented agriculture? - Subsistence is to meet their own needs, market-oriented is where you grow crops and sell them to other companies.
4. What is the difference between cottage industry and commercial industry? - Cottage- a business that is held at home. Commercial- a very large area.
5. Describe the four levels of economic activity, -Primary activity, Secondary activity, Tertiary activities, Quaternary activities.
6. What is a natural resource? What are three basic types of natural resources? What is the most valuable natural resource for trade? – Materials that are already on the earth. Renewable, Non-renewable, Inexhaustible energy sources. Fossil fuels.
7. Define the term infrastructure. – The basic support systems needed to keep an economy going.

8. What is the most important system within the infrastructure? How is the development of a country measured by its infrastructure? – Transportation. The more sophisticated the infrastructure the more developed the country. 9. Why is per capita income important when comparing economies?

10. What is the difference between gross national product (GNP) and gross domestic product (GDP)?