Prince Henry the Navigator- (Portugal) Opened oceanic school hoping to improve navigation and map making skills, encouraged explorers to find a water passage to the Orient (Asia), triggered other countries to start exploring. This also cause improvements in in shipbuilding as well
Christopher Columbus- Wanted to sail west to Asia, landed in America, his discovery was an accident but it changed the world. It was Amerigo Vespucci (and others) that helped confirm that Columbus had NOT landed in Asia. America is named for Vespucci
Cortez- led an expedition to Central America and wanted the riches of the Aztecs
Exploration and Colonization- countries began to race for colonies. Each countries was more land than the others. Many of the places the explorers explored and colonized were already inhabited but that did not mean anything to the Europeans. God, Gold and Glory were the reasons countries wanted to explore. Countries learned the new land had wealth to offer but it was in furs, lumber and other natural resources.
James town Virginia- first permanent settlement in the US, part of its success was due to tobacco farming. Practiced mercantilism (the mother country increases its economic strength by using the resources of its colonies). The colonies were only allowed to buy and sell with England. This was good for England but not fair for the colonies.
Columbian Exchange- exchanges of goods between the Americas and Europe (food, animals, diseases, plants)
Triangular trade- trade route that included Africa, the Americas, and Europe. The first stage involved manufactured goods and rum being taken from Europe to Africa where those items were exchanged for human slaves. The second stage often called “the Middle Passage” involved transporting the slaves from Africa to plantations in the West. Most slaves sent from Africa to the New World during this time ended up on sugar plantations in the West Indies. The third stage involved the transportation of crops such as sugar, tobacco, and cotton from New World plantations to European markets and then the entire process would start over again in a repetitive cycle
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