Globalization
“Globalization refers to the development of global or worldwide business activities, competition and markets and the increasing global interdependence of national economies” – Stonehouse et all. 2004
Industry
Top 5 seller concentratio n
Carbonated Soft Drinks
70%
68%
Computer Software
59%
Computer Hardware
59%
Aerospace/ Defense
55%
Automobiles
“World 3.0's remapping of the terrain suggests a better path forward.
Specifically, a more realistic appraisal of both globalization and regulation suggests a path to greater prosperity that involves more market integration as well as limited and targeted market regulation.” – Ghemawat, World 3.0
71%
Light Bulbs
“International integration in commodity, capital and labour markets” – Bordo et all. 2003, WTO
Entertainment
53%
Semiconductors
40%
Passenger Airlines
37%
Source : Ghemawat and Ghadar, 2006
Globalization Drivers : Yip’s Framework
Developed by George Yip(1992)
Helps analyze the degree of globalization in the industries
The 4 main categories of drivers are :
•
•
•
•
Market Globalization Drivers
Cost Globalization Drivers
Government Globalization Drivers
Competitive Globalization Drivers
Low
(Domestic)
High
(Global)
Macroeconomic Environment & Framework
Technological
Factor
Market Drivers
Cost Drivers
Economic &
Financial Factor
Potential for
Globalizatio
n
Competitive
Drivers
Social &
Demographic
Factor
Government
Drivers
Political & Legal
Factor
Yip’s Framework : Market Drivers
Customer Needs
Similarities/ Differences
Culture
Economic Development
Physical Environment
Climate
Customers & Channels
Global Suppliers
Global Distributers
Marketing
Names
Advertising
Lead Countries
Product Innovations
Market Drivers : Explained
Driver
Parameter
Pressure for globalization Pressure for