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Yster

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Yster
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Niemand sal kan ontken dat yster die nuttigste metaal op aarde is nie. Kyk maar rondom jou na al die dinge wat deur mensevernuf gemaak is en jy sal kwalik iets vind wat nie danksy die bestaan van yster tot stand gekom het nie (as dit nie self van yster is nie). Soos iemand dit al gestel het: "Ons huise, meubels, klere, speelgoed, vervoermiddels is almal kleinkinders van die ystersmid..."

Geskiedenis van die rol van yster in die ontwikkeling van die mensdom.

Die vroegste bewyse van die gebruik van yster kom van die Soemeriërs en die Egiptenare, waar klein voorwerpe soos spiespunte en ornamente wat met yster afkomstig uit die oorblyfsels van meteoriete gemaak is gevind is en wat datteer uit ongeveer 4000 v.C. Omdat meteoriete uit die lug val word daar deur taalkundiges gespekuleer dat die woord _yster_ (en ander Europese verbuigings van die woord) oorspronklik van die Etruskaanse woord _aisar_ afkomstig is wat _die gode_ beteken.

Ystervoorwerpe afkomstig uit die tydperk 3000 v.C. en 2000 v.C. is toenemend in Mesopotamië, Anatolië en Egipte gevind (en is onderskeibaar van voorwerpe wat uit meteoriete vervaardig is vanweë die gebrek in nikkel daarin). Dit wil egter voorkom asof die gebruik van hierdie voorwerpe hoofsaaklik seremonieël was en was yster waarskynlik 'n baie duur metaal, selfs duurder as goud.

Wapens wat in die Iliad beskryf word, is hoofsaaklik van brons, maar word gietblokke van yster as handelsmiddel gebruik. Sommige bronne (Sien verwysing _What Caused the Iron Age?_ hieronder) beweer dat yster waarskynlik 'n byproduk (sponsyster) van koperraffinering was en kon nie andersins deur die mettalurgiese kennis van die dag, vervaardig word nie. Teen 1600 v.C. en 1200 v.C. is Yster toenemend in die Midde-ooste gebruik, maar het dit nie brons as die belangrikste metaal vervang nie.

���In die tydperk tussen die 12de tot die 10de eeu v.C. het die gebruik van yster in gereedskap en wapens vinnig dié van brons vervang in die Midde-ooste. Die

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