Pope John XXIII states, "It is easier for a father to have children than for children to have a real father" (Quotes and sayings). Commonly, this is true for many African-American men who have children; they lack the resources, dexterity and education that is required to become a real, reliable father. Although fatherlessness affects everyone regardless of demographics or culture, it has really taken its toll in the African–American communities. Despite the fact that it may be facile for Americans to sweep the issue under a rug, the reality is the intricacy still exists and is spiraling out of control. Sequentially, the challenges that accompany fatherlessness in American society must be addressed or disturbances will continue to affect all Americans. Furthermore, several organizations foresee the turmoil that lies ahead and have intervened to reverse the situation such as the changing fatherhood movement. The changing fatherhood movement correlates with Jo Freeman’s proposition theory because it contains the three core fundamental elements: preexisting communications, co-optable communications and precipitants, which are required for a social movement to evolve. However, recent trends in family-formation have taken a trajectory that clearly affects the community or any intact social group.
Changing Fatherhood is an ongoing social movement that has yet to be successful. In order for the continuation and progression of the movement, the Resource Mobilization Theory must be applied and sustained. Just like the deprivation theory, the emergence of the movement began with a large population of people who felt a sense of injustice and has begun raising awareness using various resources, such as the internet, social networking sites, etc… but the upraise of the movement itself is very recent and is in the bureaucratization stage. Furthermore, the movement would most certainly be classified as a reformative movement, which seeks an