Preview

A Hypothesis That Breastfed Babies Are More Intelligent Than Formula-Fed Babies

Satisfactory Essays
Open Document
Open Document
369 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
A Hypothesis That Breastfed Babies Are More Intelligent Than Formula-Fed Babies
Individual Assignment 1 The hypothesis in this study is that breast-fed babies are more intelligent than formula-fed babies. The independent variable in this study is breast milk because that is the variable that the researchers are introducing. Therefore the dependent variable is intelligence, because that is what the researchers want to measure.
The authors of this study used a study (Mortenson, Michaelsen, Sanders, & Reinisch, 2002) that sampled over 3000 men and women born in Copenhagen Denmark between October 1959 and December 1961. The subjects of this study were given a test (WAIS) to measure their intelligence. This study was meant to test the researcher’s hypothesis which stated that, breast-fed babies were more intelligent than formula-fed babies. The people in the study were placed in one of five categories depending on the extent of the breast-feeding. The researchers also ruled out any preexisting differences in the groups by adjusting for differences in the social class and maternal education of the two groups. Because the subjects were given an actual IQ test rather than an interview, I feel that their results are observable and valid.
The results of the IQ test showed that breast-fed babies scored significantly higher than formula-fed babies. The researches explained that there is a possibility that other differences between the groups could possibly explain the results of their study. Nonetheless they believe that human milk contains numerous hormones and other elements that heighten brain growth and development.
The results of this study are limited to making connections between breast milk and intelligence only. This is because the researchers specifically stated that they believed it was the hormones and other elements in the breast milk that helped heighten brain growth and development, resulting in more intelligent children. Therefore any food that is being studied must contain the exact same hormones and

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    1 What is the ONE independent variable in this study? What are the dependent variables?…

    • 1961 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    In the article, “Can You Build a Better Brain,” the author, Sharon Begley, introduces some scientific research about enhancing brain’s performance and discusses how we can improve our brain through training. The author begins the article by emphasizing that brain is more complicated than muscle and scientists still do not completely understand the mechanisms of cognition; furthermore, many studies about brain enhancement do not actually show the mechanisms of brain and how doing a certain activity can help improving it. The author continues the article by talking about the studies claiming that certain vitamins and food can improve cognitive function; however, Begley points out that these studies still contain many problems that weren’t mentioned…

    • 240 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Do you want to feed your child something natural, or something manufactured? “A pair of substantial mammary glands have the advantage over the two hemispheres of the most learned professor’s brain in art of compounding a nutritive fluid for infants” a quote from Oliver Wendell Holmes. When it comes to a mother’s child, nothing but the best is expected for that child. Therefore, why bottle feed over breastfeed? Every mother should breastfeed opposed to bottle feeding, for these reasons: it is cost free, always available, all natural, and the skin to skin contact is very important for the mother and child bonding…

    • 103 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Nt1310 Unit 1 Term Paper

    • 4989 Words
    • 20 Pages

    For decades, a lot of emphases have been put on certain aspects of intelligence such as logical reasoning, math skills, spatial skills, understanding analogies, verbal skills, etc. Researchers were puzzled that while IQ could predict to a significant degree of academic performance and to some degree, professional and personal success, there was something missing in the…

    • 4989 Words
    • 20 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    434 topic 1/ dq-2

    • 596 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Breastfeeding is an optimal approach in providing the nutritional requirements as well as well as providing immunity and positive long-term benefits. Breastfeeding provides the infant with all the necessary nutritional requirements for infants up to six months. For infants greater than six months in an addition with the introduction of solid foods is “an ideal feeding program” (American Dietetic Association, [ADA] 2009). Breastfeeding is lower in the United States than in other countries. One of the reasons is the increase in accessibility of formula. “Breastfeeding rates declined sharply because of the widespread belief that pasteurized cow’s milk eliminated the differences between human and cow’s milk feeding” (Wolf 2003 [as cited in ADA, 2009]). Many organizations are in support and promote breastfeeding for example, Center for Disease Control and Healthy People with goals of increasing the rate of breastfeeding mothers. Multiple benefits result from breastfeeding for both infant and mother. The ADA (2009) list multiple benefits; for example, bonding between mother and infant, essential nutrients, immunity properties, decrease in allergies and other intolerances, decrease in sudden infant death and long term affect of decrease in type 1 and 2 diabetes, heart disease, obesity and high cholesterol. There are also positive effects for the mother. For example, low risk in chronic diseases and other physical benefits as well as financial. The benefits are overwhelming for both mother and infant. In regards to benefits to society, according to the U.S Department of Health and Human Services (2014), breast-feeding can reduce infant mortality, less medical cost, more productive work force and good for the environment. It is our responsibility to assist and educate new mothers on the benefits by promoting and encouraging short…

    • 596 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    “Born First, Born Smarter?” Is an article about how the genetics and birth order of any said family affect intelligence. The two main contributors of the study are Robert Zajonc and Gregory Markus. Zajonc and Markus believed that birth order does, in fact, relate to intelligence. Their main questions were how and why the majority of first-born children typically test better and are smarter than their later-born siblings. Zajonc and Markus tested their theory by comparing it to the data of studies done by other researchers’. They analyzed the data from many research projects, one of which was IQ-like test administered in The Netherlands (the results were concluded by Lillian Belmont and Francis Marolla). Zajonc and Markus used their observations and findings to make an intellectual climate formula that measured how the overall intelligence level of a given family rose or fell concerning family size and birth order. The data from the Belmont-Marolla study was summarized in Zajonc and Markus’s intellectual climate model. The researchers also found that the age gap between children is related to intelligence. Zajonc and Markus…

    • 485 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    An independent variable in psychology experiment is the characteristic that is changed or manipulated in order to see the effect the manipulation has on the dependent variable . For instance, in this study, the independent variable is the environment under which the three year children are subjected to for a period of four days a week until they began infant school. This is the characteristic that was manipulated in the study in order to see if the change in the kind of environment that the children are subjected to can affect in any way the intelligence levels that they display thereafter.…

    • 430 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Babies' who are breastfed are less likely to get sick. Breastfeeding achieves a nutritional balance that formula cannot. Children need more nutrients in their first stage of life. Babies' are less likely to spit up. Parent's can become frustrated if babies spit up all the time, especially in public. It has been proven that babies who are breastfeed have less ear infections and digestive problems.(Why breastfeeding is important. A federal government website. (September 24, 3013). This is because of all the nutrients babies get in breast milk. It has also been proven that later in life your child is less likely to have diabetes, asthma or allergies. Breast milk helps babies' immune system become healthier. (Why breastfeeding is important. A federal government website.(September 24, 3013) As much as mothers want their child to be healthy and have all the nutrients they can get, it is important that the mother's stay healthy too. In order to stay healthy breastfeeding mother's need to eat well because whatever they eat will also be consumed by their babies. Breastfeeding helps new mothers back down to pre-baby size, due to uterine retraction while breastfeeding.…

    • 771 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The research proposed suggest that breast-fed babies are more intelligent than formula-fed babies. The independent variable is if a child was breast-fed or not. The dependent variable is the child’s IQ based on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS). Other important concepts to be understood is that this was a study and not an experiment, so the data could be skewed because it is based on the mothers self-reports of how much the child was breast-fed at the one-year examination. Sample of children were divided into 5 categories based on the duration of breast-feeding. Researchers adjusted the data for differences in maternal education and social class, to rule out preexisting differences that could have contributed to IQ differences.…

    • 565 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Decision to breastfeed is a very personal. Breastfeeding topic always elicits strong opinions from family and friends. What matters is the infant getting proper nutrition for his optimal growth and development. The American college of Obstetricians and Gynecologist and American Academy of Pediatrics, to great emphasis on importance of breastfeeding. Every infant and mother is unique and has different challenges. Breast milk provides complete nutrition for infants. It has the perfect combination of protein, vitamins, fats and everything infants needs for its growth and development. Breast milk also contains antibodies that help infants fight off bacteria and viruses. Risk of having allergies and asthma are greatly reduced with breastfeeding. Infants who are exclusively breastfed for the first six months, without any formula tend to have fewer respiratory illnesses, ear infection and bouts of diarrhea. These infants also have fewer trips to the doctor and hospitalizations. Breastfeeding also results in higher IQ scores in some studies. The physical touch, closeness, skin-to-skin touch and eye contact, helps infants to bond with the mother and feel secure. Breastfeeding also linked to health weight gain in infants and fight childhood obesity. As per American Academy of Pediatrics, sudden infant death syndrome, risk of diabetes, obesity and certain cancers can be prevented by breastfeeding.…

    • 657 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    An infant learns mainly from their parents and carers, they learn mainly all the skills that are needed for later life. Their school has a huge impact of their intellectual development, as the better their school is the more likely they are to progress on with higher standards of education.…

    • 964 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Many women struggle with making the decision of whether to breast-feed or bottle feed. There are many things to consider when making this decision because breast-feeding is more intimate and will take up a lot more of moms time than bottle feeding and does not allow dad or others to feed baby. But even with that being said there are a lot of wonderful benefits of breast-feeding that are wonderful and healthy for mom and baby. 1) Benefits for mom According to http://www.womenshealth.gov/breast-feeding/index.cfm?page=227 the benefits for mom are as follows. -The number one benefit for mom that many other moms would love is the fact that breast-feeding uses up extra calories. This allows for mom to lose the baby fat quicker than she would…

    • 1673 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The first study that I chose is study one that demonstrates that women perform more poorly, on average, than men perform on the mathematics section of the SAT. I chose this study because I needed to know more about it and it left me with the question, “why?” One of the reasons that came to mind as to why this is true is that men are more geared towards math and science that the majority of women. In my opinion, I thought this would be something interesting to study. The independent variable is the mathematics section on the SAT test. The dependent variable is the women’s performance.…

    • 688 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Breastfeeding And Society

    • 2055 Words
    • 11 Pages

    Britain has the iowest breastfeeding rate of ali countries in Europe; it is no longer the cuiturai norm in…

    • 2055 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Paul, Pamela. "Want A Brainier Baby?" Time 167.3 (2006): 104-109. Academic Search Complete. Web. 23 Feb. 2012.…

    • 2458 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Powerful Essays