The United States during the first half of the nineteenth century.
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1. The rise of the railroad allowed easier means of conveyance of products.
- Before the coming of the railroad, coastal sailing ships practically monopolized domestic trade.
- In 1830 and 1831, two American railroads began commercial operation—the Charleston and Hamburg in South Carolina and the Baltimore and Ohio in Maryland.
- The cost of hauling goods by rail decreased dramatically because of improved track construction and the more introductions of powerful locomotives that could haul more cars.
- The railroad companies sold stock to the general public. This set the pattern for the separation of ownership and control that characterizes the modern corporation.
Moreover, they developed the concept of long-term bonds at a set rate of interest.
2. Canals also played an important role in improving transportation in US, sparking economic growth
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- Canals proved to be strong competitors of the railroad for the freight business.
- Cost of transporting freight on the canal boats was lower than on the railroad.
- One prominent example is the Erie Canal completed in 1825. Erie Canal connected New York to the western territories.
3. The cheaper means of transportation resulted in the rise of interstate commerce.
- Commercial operations of various transportation means allowed large volumes of products to be traded.
- New York and Pennsylvania had devoted themselves in promoting Canal construction during the early nineteenth century and in constructing the railroad during the mid-nineteenth century. Such efforts brought them wealth through massive interstate commerce.
- Moreover, such effective means of transportation gave New York and Pennsylvania an advantage in the scramble for western trade, again proving the fact that developments in transportation played a huge