Biology Experiment
Prac 4 | Vertebrate Forelimbs, Shake a Leg! Ch. 6.4 H.Bio T.Book Aim: To gather information from secondary sources to observe, analyze and compare the structure of a range of vertebrate forelimbs. Materials:
Pearson Biology Textbook coloured pencils
Skeletons, photographs of a number of vertebrates copy of student worksheet Method:
1 Examine each of the vertebrate specimens in turn. Using Figure 1 as a guide, locate and identify the bones making up the pentadactyl limb structure.
2 Make a labelled sketch in your workbook of the forelimbs of two specimens.
3 Describe the differences you see in the two sketches.
4 Complete the missing labels from the lizard skeleton
5 Using coloured pencils, shade each type of bone for each animal. Use one colour per bone type. Include an appropriate key. Results:
Discussion:
Both the bird and the bat have the same pentadactyl forelimb structure, namely the humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. However the bird’s carpals are relatively
larger with its phalanges and metacarpals wider and visible, whereas the bat’s carpals are barely seen, adding to the ambiguity of the presence of both the phalanges and the metacarpals in the area. The pentadactyl forelimb structure of the seven vertebrates shown in the student worksheet,
[cat, whale, bird, bat, human, frog, and lizard] makes it well suited to the organism's niche in a way that the structure is well created to suit the environment and its surrounding habitats of these organisms and help them with their normal lifestyle in this world. The pentadactyl forelimb structure enables these above mentioned organisms to function in an adaptive society that further suits their ability to evolve and adapt to the current world and how they manage to coexist with the
Pearson Biology Textbook coloured pencils
Skeletons, photographs of a number of vertebrates copy of student worksheet Method:
1 Examine each of the vertebrate specimens in turn. Using Figure 1 as a guide, locate and identify the bones making up the pentadactyl limb structure.
2 Make a labelled sketch in your workbook of the forelimbs of two specimens.
3 Describe the differences you see in the two sketches.
4 Complete the missing labels from the lizard skeleton
5 Using coloured pencils, shade each type of bone for each animal. Use one colour per bone type. Include an appropriate key. Results:
Discussion:
Both the bird and the bat have the same pentadactyl forelimb structure, namely the humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. However the bird’s carpals are relatively
larger with its phalanges and metacarpals wider and visible, whereas the bat’s carpals are barely seen, adding to the ambiguity of the presence of both the phalanges and the metacarpals in the area. The pentadactyl forelimb structure of the seven vertebrates shown in the student worksheet,
[cat, whale, bird, bat, human, frog, and lizard] makes it well suited to the organism's niche in a way that the structure is well created to suit the environment and its surrounding habitats of these organisms and help them with their normal lifestyle in this world. The pentadactyl forelimb structure enables these above mentioned organisms to function in an adaptive society that further suits their ability to evolve and adapt to the current world and how they manage to coexist with the