California History Midterm 1 Study Guide
1-The “Digger” Stereotype:
Justification of genocide
Judge by prior Native encounters
Few practiced agriculture, inferior
Digging of roots, gold
Facilitated the intense racism and brutal violence against Indians
Inferiority of California Indians: easy to push aside/no match for civilized white society
1-Acorns
*Acorns helped confirm the digger stereotype. They were important to indigenous tribes because they were a main stable of food. They had high preservatives and often one harvest could yield two years worth. Also form of innovated with the use of trial and errors.
7 types of Oak trees
High in fat, tanic acid
Abundant => Staple resource (50% caloric intake)
Center of many cultures (Ohlone)
Pulverize to flour, meal (warm water leach off tanic acid)
1-Animism (Religious Belief)
*The Idea that everything has a tangible life form associated with it and these many spirits create the balance in the world. Some would hunt and if they found less deer than they figured that the gods were mad and that they were hiding the animals.
World = Diversity of spirits (Animated by spirits)
Clash with Christianity/Missions
No concept of sin
2-Yuma Crossing
Captain Juan Bautista de Anza
Exploratory expedition Mexico-Alta, CA 1774
20+ people
Indian guide Sebastian Tarabal (fled from San Gabriel)
Quechan Indians-Gila/Colorado River junction
Palma-Quechan leader
1780-two small villages
June of 1781-Yumas attacked Spanish.
1781-1830s closed land route
3-Junipero Serra
*First father of the missions beginning in 1769 up until 1784. He was responsible for opening 9 missions. Between 1769 and 1790 over 5000 natives converted to Catholicism.
Symbolized missionary experience/system and Spanish colonialism
Famous for skill in public speaking
Performed self-mortification
Exemplified the colonial ideals of 16th century Spain
Controversial figure
55 years old (physical limitations)
Religious head (Portola)
Medieval World view
Francisican order
Justification of genocide
Judge by prior Native encounters
Few practiced agriculture, inferior
Digging of roots, gold
Facilitated the intense racism and brutal violence against Indians
Inferiority of California Indians: easy to push aside/no match for civilized white society
1-Acorns
*Acorns helped confirm the digger stereotype. They were important to indigenous tribes because they were a main stable of food. They had high preservatives and often one harvest could yield two years worth. Also form of innovated with the use of trial and errors.
7 types of Oak trees
High in fat, tanic acid
Abundant => Staple resource (50% caloric intake)
Center of many cultures (Ohlone)
Pulverize to flour, meal (warm water leach off tanic acid)
1-Animism (Religious Belief)
*The Idea that everything has a tangible life form associated with it and these many spirits create the balance in the world. Some would hunt and if they found less deer than they figured that the gods were mad and that they were hiding the animals.
World = Diversity of spirits (Animated by spirits)
Clash with Christianity/Missions
No concept of sin
2-Yuma Crossing
Captain Juan Bautista de Anza
Exploratory expedition Mexico-Alta, CA 1774
20+ people
Indian guide Sebastian Tarabal (fled from San Gabriel)
Quechan Indians-Gila/Colorado River junction
Palma-Quechan leader
1780-two small villages
June of 1781-Yumas attacked Spanish.
1781-1830s closed land route
3-Junipero Serra
*First father of the missions beginning in 1769 up until 1784. He was responsible for opening 9 missions. Between 1769 and 1790 over 5000 natives converted to Catholicism.
Symbolized missionary experience/system and Spanish colonialism
Famous for skill in public speaking
Performed self-mortification
Exemplified the colonial ideals of 16th century Spain
Controversial figure
55 years old (physical limitations)
Religious head (Portola)
Medieval World view
Francisican order