Preview

carbon and its compounds

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
2800 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
carbon and its compounds
Carbon and Its Compounds
Carbon: Introduction
Atomic Number: 6
Electronic Configuration: 2, 4.
Valence electrons: 4
Property: Non-metal
Abundance:- Carbon is the 4th most abundant substance in universe and 15th most abundant substance in the earth’s crust.
Compounds having carbon atoms among the components are known as carbon compounds. Previously, carbon compounds could only be obtained from a living source; hence they are also known as organic compounds.
Bonding In Carbon:- The Covalent Bond
Bond formed by sharing of electrons is called covalent bond. Two of more atoms share electrons to make their configuration stable. In this type of bond, all the atoms have similar rights over shared electrons. Compounds which are formed because of covalent bond are called COVALNET COMPOUNDS.
Covalent bonds are of three types: Single, double and triple covalent bond.
Single Covalent Bond: Single covalent bond is formed because of sharing of two electrons, one from each of the two atoms.
Formation of hydrogen molecule (H2)
Atomic Number of H = 1
Electronic configuration of H = 1.
Valence electron of H = 1
Hydrogen forms duet, to obtain stable configuration. This configuration is similar to helium (a noble gas).
Since, hydrogen has one electron in its valence shell, so it requires one more electron to form a duet. So, in the formation of hydrogen molecule; one electron from each of the hydrogen atoms is shared. Formation of hydrogen chloride (HCl):
Valence electron of hydrogen = 1
Atomic number of chlorine = 17
Electronic configuration of chlorine: 2, 8, 7
Electrons in outermost orbit = 7
Valence electron = 7 Formation of chlorine molecule (Cl2):
Valence electron of chlorine = 7 Formation of water (H2O)
Valence electron of hydrogen = 1
Atomic number of oxygen = 8
Electronic configuration of oxygen = 2, 6
Valence electron = 6 Oxygen in water molecule completes stable configuration by the sharing one electron from each of the two hydrogen

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Nt1310 Unit 2 Lab Report

    • 1512 Words
    • 7 Pages

    * The small H atom has to be able to get very close to the F, O or N atoms in adjacent molecules.…

    • 1512 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Hydrogen bonds occurs between the R groups when they have an OH molecule and O molecule available to bond.…

    • 803 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    * Be able to name the five types of bonds (covalent (2 types), ionic and weak chemical bonds (2 types)). What needs to happen for each of these bonds to be created? For example, for a covalent bond electrons must be shared equally between two elements and these elements will share unpaired valence electrons.…

    • 1628 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    a) A covalent bond is formed through the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.…

    • 1021 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    COVALENT bonds: form when electrons are shared between atoms. Occur when the electronegativities of the atoms are similar.…

    • 834 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Vbnvbhnbnbvnvb

    • 1442 Words
    • 6 Pages

    6. In this molecule, what type of bond is found between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms?…

    • 1442 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    answers2e ch02

    • 2317 Words
    • 11 Pages

    nonpolar covalent bonds form between atoms that have similar electronegativity and share bond electrons equally;…

    • 2317 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Electrons are shared in covalent bonds while ionic bonds involve the attraction between oppositely charged ions.…

    • 1357 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Covalent Bonding Lab

    • 560 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Covalent bonding is a bond when atoms share pairs of electron to become stable. For covalent bonding, two or more elements must have shared electrons. Atoms become stable by filling up their outermost shell with shared electrons. An atom can only have 8 electrons and that rule came from the Octet…

    • 560 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The ionic and covalent bonds are known to be the strongest chemical bonds. An ionic bond forms when two atoms differ so much in electronegativity that one or more electrons are actually transferred from one atom to the other. Ionic bonds generally occur between a metal and a nonmetal. Due to the existence of ionic bonds, elements that normally would not combine because sharing electrons is either not possible or not practical may be combined to form chemical compounds. A covalent bond forms when two atoms share a pair of electrons. The sharing of one pair of electrons produces a single bond whist the sharing of two or three pairs of electrons produces double or triple bonds. If both atoms are equally electronegative, a nonpolar covalent bond forms. If one atom is slightly more electronegative, a polar covalent bond formulates. Covalent bonds allow the greatest possible combinations of chemical compounds to take place.…

    • 348 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Study Guide: Truth

    • 414 Words
    • 3 Pages

    List the three types of chemical bonds and explain the circumstances under which each forms.…

    • 414 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Ionic bonds form when oppositely Figure 1: The pile of white grains on the left are ordinary…

    • 1690 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Chemistry Test Questions

    • 303 Words
    • 2 Pages

    9. How many electrons are there in the valence shell of the carbon atom of a methyl cation, CH3+?…

    • 303 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Boron

    • 1094 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Boron compounds such as borax (sodium tetra borate, Na2B4O7·10H2O) have been known and used by ancient cultures for thousands of years. Borax’s name comes from the Arabic buraq, meaning “white.”…

    • 1094 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The war on drugs has been an ongoing fight that many presidents and foreign allegiances have tried to stop the trafficking, distribution and use of illegal drugs into the United States and around the world. Policy and laws have been created and maintained and changed to try and prevent illegal drugs being made in other countries as well as the United States and from being brought across the borders into the United States. The punishment for the drug traffickers and users has been an issue with the campaign to stop illegal drug use and trafficking. Through the United States history the president’s and their administration have been focusing on how to deal with the war on drugs by making laws, arresting people for their illegal activities and most recently giving drug addicts professional help.…

    • 1776 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays