Chemistry Revision CH1
WJEC
CBAC
AS/A LEVEL
GCE in Chemistry
REVISION AID
UNIT 1
AS
UNIT CH1 – Controlling and Using Chemical Changes (in order to make things, produce energy and solve environmental problems)
Preamble
This unit begins with some important fundamental ideas about atoms and the use of the mole concept in calculations.
Three key principles governing chemical change are then studied, viz. the position of equilibrium between reactants and products, the energy changes associated with a chemical reaction and the rate at which reactions take place.
These principles are then applied to some important problems in the fields of chemical synthesis, obtaining energy and the maintenance of the environment.
UNIT CH1
Controlling and Using Chemical Changes (in order to make things, produce energy and solve environmental problems)
TOPIC 1
1.1
Basic ideas about atoms
1.2
Chemical calculations
TOPIC 2
2.1
Chemical eqilibria and acid-base reactions
2.2
Energetics
2.3
Kinetics
TOPIC 3
1.1
Basic ideas about atoms
Topic 1.1 (a)
Learning Outcome: Describe electrons, protons and neutrons in terms of their relative charges and masses, and the distribution of charges and masses within atoms. Atomic Structure.
Atoms are made up of three fundamental particles, the proton, the neutron and the electron. electrons surrounding the nucleus
most of the volume of the atom is empty space the nucleus made up of protons and neutrons.
This is where nearly all the mass of the atom is.
A typical atom
The mass of a proton is almost exactly the same as the mass of a neutron.
The mass of a proton is 0.0000000000000000000000017 g., which is very small.
It has a positive charge of 0.00000000000000000016 coulomb.
These small numbers are very inconvenient.
So we call the mass of a proton 1 and its charge +1 and describe the other particles relative to these values, as shown below.
Particle
Relative mass
CBAC
AS/A LEVEL
GCE in Chemistry
REVISION AID
UNIT 1
AS
UNIT CH1 – Controlling and Using Chemical Changes (in order to make things, produce energy and solve environmental problems)
Preamble
This unit begins with some important fundamental ideas about atoms and the use of the mole concept in calculations.
Three key principles governing chemical change are then studied, viz. the position of equilibrium between reactants and products, the energy changes associated with a chemical reaction and the rate at which reactions take place.
These principles are then applied to some important problems in the fields of chemical synthesis, obtaining energy and the maintenance of the environment.
UNIT CH1
Controlling and Using Chemical Changes (in order to make things, produce energy and solve environmental problems)
TOPIC 1
1.1
Basic ideas about atoms
1.2
Chemical calculations
TOPIC 2
2.1
Chemical eqilibria and acid-base reactions
2.2
Energetics
2.3
Kinetics
TOPIC 3
1.1
Basic ideas about atoms
Topic 1.1 (a)
Learning Outcome: Describe electrons, protons and neutrons in terms of their relative charges and masses, and the distribution of charges and masses within atoms. Atomic Structure.
Atoms are made up of three fundamental particles, the proton, the neutron and the electron. electrons surrounding the nucleus
most of the volume of the atom is empty space the nucleus made up of protons and neutrons.
This is where nearly all the mass of the atom is.
A typical atom
The mass of a proton is almost exactly the same as the mass of a neutron.
The mass of a proton is 0.0000000000000000000000017 g., which is very small.
It has a positive charge of 0.00000000000000000016 coulomb.
These small numbers are very inconvenient.
So we call the mass of a proton 1 and its charge +1 and describe the other particles relative to these values, as shown below.
Particle
Relative mass