Digestion notes

Living Digestion
The first step in the journey of a sandwich is the mouth, where mastication occurs. The salivary glands secrete saliva which includes enzyme amylase. The teeth masticate and reduce the food into smaller pieces. The tongue moves the food around and enables swallowing. While the food is being broken into smaller pieces, amylase breaks down the carbohydrates found in the bread. After chewing (or mastication) is done, the food moves down the esophagus through peristalsis. The epiglottis prevents the food from moving down the trachea instead. The lower esophageal sphincter prevents food from moving leaving the stomach and moving back up the esophagus. Once the food reaches the stomach, it is chemically broken down by enzymes and acids. The main enzyme in the stomach is pepsin. This breaks down the turkey as it is designed to break down proteins into their component amino acids. After being churned in the stomach, the chime moves through the pyloric sphincter and into the duodenum, or the first part of the small intestine. The pancreas secretes pancreatic juices which mainly consist of trypsinogen, lipase, and pancreatic amylase. The amino acids are broken down further by the trypsin. Lipase breaks down fat. Amylase further breaks down fat. The gallbladder releases bile into the duodenum. This breaks down more fat. The liver stores the bile and filters toxins from the blood. After the duodenum, the next two sections of the small intestine are the jejunum and ileum. They mainly absorb water from the food.The first section in the large intestine is the cecum. It is a pouch which also contains the appendix. It is believed that the appendix was designed to quarantine The next sections are the ascending and transverse colons. They mainly absorb water through villi and move the waste into the sigmoid colon. That is where it will be held until it is expelled through the