E.coli is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family which is also where Salmonella typhinurium is also classified. E.coli lives in the intestines of humans and can cause many infections ranging in severity. It doesn 't even require any growth factors, and can synthesize all essential purines, pyrimidines, amino acids and vitamins, starting with their carbon source, as part of their own intermediary metabolism (Todar). I was nervous about working with E.coli and bacteria because in general before starting this lab because of some of the symptoms they can cause. Especially intestinal swelling (MedLineplus). Even with that stated I have grown to enjoy this experiment and have learned so much valuable information that will benefit me in my nursing…
Which bacterial infection is caused by an unusual strain of E. coli, the common bacterium in the large intestine?…
It was reported that several people became ill with E. coli O26, “a total of 29 persons that have been infected with the outbreak strain STEC O26 from eleven states” (CDC, 2012). There were several people who had to be hospitalized. There were no deaths reported. It was later confirmed that the E. coli O26 infection was caused by raw clover sprouts eaten at a restaurant named Jimmy John’s. The last final case update was on April 3, 2012, with 85% of the people infected admitted to eating raw clover sprouts from the restaurant.…
coli is a gram negative, bacterium found in the lower intestine of warm blooded organisms. Although E.coli strains are harmless there are serotypes that can cause food poisoning in humans. [2] Harmless strains can be found in the flora of the gut and produce vitamin k¬¬2 and prevent pathogenic bacteria from establishing and are therefore beneficial to the host. The major cause for disease is fecal to oral transmission. It is an ideal candidate for bacterial transformation because it is made of only one cell, reproduces every 20 minutes, is not harmful to people, and cannot survive outside the…
E. coli O157H7 What is the morphology and gram reaction of this pathogen (2) E. coli, including E. coli O157H7 is a gram-negative bacillus. What do (i) O157 and (ii) H7 attached to the name of this bacterium represent (2). The O157 is the O HYPERLINK http//www.emedicinehealth.com/script/main/art.asparticlekey5469 serotype antigen that identifies the E. coli strain, and the H7 represents the antigen type on the HYPERLINK http//www.emedicinehealth.com/script/main/art.asparticlekey2416 bacteriums flagella. This strain of E. coli was harmless until it acquired the gene for a toxin via a genetic mechanism call transduction. Describe how a bacterium can acquire new genes by transduction. (2) With transduction the transfer of DNA between organisms involves mediation of viruses called bacteriophages or phages. A phage infected a susceptible bacterium and during its process of replication and assembly a phage incorporates a segment of bacterial DNA. The bacterium will lyses and releases the mature phages. One of the phages has the incorporated bacterial DNA, that one are called defective virus. This defective virus infected other bacterium but instead of injecting viral nucleic acid it is injecting bacterial DNA. The new infected bacterium will recombine its own DNA with the received bacterial DNA from the phages. The virus will not replicate or lyses the cell because it is a defective virus. The bacterium survives and can use this new genetic material that was incorporated into its chromosome. In what year did this strain of E. coli first appear (1) E. coli O157H7 was first recognized as a pathogen in 1982. Name the toxin produced by this strain. State whether it is an endotoxin or an exotoxin. (2) The name of the toxin is Shiga-like toxin (SLT), it is also known by verocytotoxin. This toxin is an exotoxin. What is the incubation period of this disease (1) The incubation period is usually 2 to 5 days after infection with a range of 1 to 10 days. State 4 signs/symptoms of…
He presents stories that show the unfortunate situations or events that come with the fast food industry triggering an emotional response from his audience. In Chapter 9, Schlosser tells the story of a boy named Alex who was infected with E. Coli O157:H7 from a contaminated hamburger. The descriptive narration makes an impactful argument by showing how the current unsanitary conditions in slaughtering houses can affect one’s health. He colorfully illustrates the boys physical account showing how his reaction “ progressed to diarrhea that filled a hospital toilet with blood. …Toward the end, Alex suffered hallucinations and dementia, no longer recognizing his mother or father. Portions of his brain had been liquefied..." (Schlosser 200). By using the vivid details of the effect E. Coli had on this six-year old boy, fear is elicited from adult readers. Their children may be subjected to the harmful pathogen if they continually turn a blind eye from where their meat is obtained. To further emphasize his point of the spread of bacteria via meat and the need for change in the industry he states, “You 'd be better off eating a carrot stick that fell in you toilet than one that fell in your sink" (Schlosser 221). The bold, imaginative statement taps into the reader’s senses leaving them with a feeling of…
The Good Health Hospital records of 2013 have indicated that was an E-Coli O157:H7infection spread among the patients in the Tampa Bay area.” The E coli can be ingested from contaminated foods and cause bloody diarrhea and create a form of kidney failure ( Friis, Sellers,2014)”. There was two males and two woman that were infected .The males were ages 15, and 23; the females were ages 21 and 42. The ethnicity of the females was African American and Caucasian; the males were both Mexican. The outbreak occurred on very hot summer day.…
Escherichia coli 0157:H7 OR (E. coli) is a food born pathogen that can cause serious illness or if left untreated can cause death. One of the obvious symptoms of E. coli is bloody diarrhea although not all forms of E coli have the same symptoms. The main toxins all strains of E. coli produce are called shiga toxins, the toxins alone are not able to make E. coli pathogenic it needs the presence of other virulence markers. The symptoms can easily be confused with other illnesses or diseases. It starts with mild diarrhea and mild stomach cramps and progressively gets worse. The diarrhea starts containing more and more blood and the abdominal pain slowly gets more intense. As the symptoms get worse several life threatening conditions may occur, your body starts losing platelets and destroying your red blood cells you slowly start to produce less urine and your kidneys begin to fail. Other complications include seizures, coma, stroke, pancreatis, and hypertension. Another serious complication commonly associated with E. coli is significant central nervous system deterioration this symptom is restricted to adults…
There are several different medical reasons for identifying microorganisms. The reasons may vary from having to know the causative agent of a disease in a patient to be able to treat and care for them properly, to knowing the correct microorganism to be used for making certain antibiotics as well as proper dosages, down to knowing all microbes associated with consumed foods such as plants and animals in case of an allergen or a contamination outbreak. This analysis was done by utilizing all of the proper methods taught thus far in the microbiology laboratory for the identification of two unknown bacteria.…
There are many forms of foodborne illness cases because of the large variety of microbes that can cause illnesses. The three main forms are bacteria, viruses, and parasites. These can come in contact with food in many ways. The main sources for bacteria contaminations are raw or undercooked food, human bacteria transmission, and fecal contamination. Water contaminated with fecal matter can also spread viruses to vegetables and shellfish. Parasites can be spread through raw fish, raw or undercooked meat and fecal contaminated foods. Most of these microbe contamination illnesses start with flu-like symptoms and progress from there. Some of these symptoms can start in as little as two hours after eating contaminated food and could last for months or even cause death if untreated. So be sure to buy produce from a reputable business along with washing,…
Clostridium tetani is a pathogenic bacterium. It is a gram positive bacillus, which means it possesses thick cell walls made of peptidoglycan and appear as rod shaped. C. tetani is an obligate anaerobe that form spores which are resistant to heat and exposure to oxygen (Brüggemann, 2015). This ability to form spores allows the cell to survive in harsh conditions, packing everything it needs to survive until conditions improve. C. tetani is found mostly in warm, damp areas, especially in soil, but can also be found in the intestines or feces of many animals (Wells, 1983). The medical importance of bacterial endospores is significant. While it is typically pretty easy to kill off vegetative cells, no matter how scary a pathogen they may be, bacterial…
In this laboratory exercise explore the differences of microorganism and continue our use of specialized media and use some biochemical testing.This report discloses the basic laboratory instruments will be used in each of our practices .It is of great importance to recognize and identify the different instruments and laboratory tools, because in this way will we be able to use them properly and also to call them by name and know why.…
Having the ability to collect and identify unknown microorganisms is vital in health and medicine. This capability is important for a variety of reasons, such as knowing the causative agent of disease, knowing if the microorganism obtains any beneficial properties and knowing the correct microorganism to use to create a successful antibiotic. Implementing the experimental methods learned thus far in the microbiology laboratory allowed an unknown bacterium to be identified as a result of this study. This study allows the student to exercise their ability to use and understand sterile techniques, transmission, and prevention of microorganisms.…
In the film Food Inc. the director, Robert Kenner decided to have a mother, Barbara Kowalcyk, tell her story to the audience about the son she had lost due to an E-coli outbreak. Mrs. Kowalcyk tells the viewers that her son was diagnosed with hemolytic-uremic syndrome through a burger he ate that had been contaminated with E. Coli. She…
In this experiment the purpose is to seek understanding between an organism and its use of oxygen. Oxygen is a very important part of the organisms’ survival. Oxygen has a tendency to form very reactive by-products inside a cell. These by-products create havoc by reacting with protein and DNA, thus inactivating them. Cells that are able to live in the presence of oxygen have evolved enzymes to cope with H2O2 and O2- and thus are not inhibited by O2. Also many anaerobes have oxygen labile Fe-S centers and no cellular machinery to protect them from the oxidizing power of oxygen. Organisms that cannot deal with the problems presented by oxygen cannot survive in air and are killed (Anaerobic Organisms Wikipedia).…