Exam 1 Study Guide

4 forces of evolution – natural selection, mutation, gene flow, genetic drift
Lendius – father of taxonomy
3 different effects of selection:

Stabalizing – ex. Birth weight
Disruptive – Striped guppies (b/c their parents were diff. colors) are not able to camouflage
Directional – peacock’s tail, female peacock will choose to mate with male with best/most colorful tail. But a tail too extravagent could harm against predators

Evolutionary Developmental - A large amount of genetic material is shared by a variety of species Species are largely recognized entities that are recognized cross-culturally ad are easy to differentiate

Biological species concept - All members of one species can mate with one another, and result in viable off-spring. Problems with this: 1. Asexual organisms, 2. Extinct organisms, 3. What about those hybrids?, 4. Ring species/circular overlap Ecological species concept - groups of organisms exploiting a single niche Phylogeny - Evolutionary relationships among a group of species. “family tree” -He wrote, Origin of Species, the book that Revolutionized biological science?
Charles Darwin

He read Mauthes’s work, and that’s what made it click.

LaMark, says that blacksmith’s kids will have bigger arms because their parents have big arms.

Whales pelvis’s are an example of vestigial structure.

Darwin couldn’t explain 2 things thru his explanation of natural selection: trait inheritance & variation.

Darwin’s theory for this was Pangenesis

Father or geology – Charles Lyell

Only 33% of Americans believe in evolution

Meiosis results in 4 incomplete cells, with pairs from both mom and dad.

RNA two types: messenger, transfer

Mendals Laws – law of segregation, law of independent assortment

Watson & Crick got nobel peace prize for discovering DNA

Gene – section of DNA the code for protein

Loci – location on gene where you can find alleles

Pleitropy – when a single gene effects many different traits

Ex. of founders effect – Martha’s vineyard

22 MC (answer 20)

8 short answer (answer 5)

TorF 10 (all 10)

1 essay question (Darwin)