Fredrick Taylor and Theory of Management Essay Example
Frederick Taylor
Scientific Management
Through Taylor's view of management systems, factories are managed through scientific methods instead of the use of the "rule of thumb" so widely used in the late nineteenth century, when Frederick Taylor devised his system of management and published the book "Scientific Management". The main elements of the Scientific Management as described by Taylor are; Time studies Functional or specialized supervision Standardization of tools and implements. Standardization of work methods separate planning function management, by use of the exception principle. The use of slide-rules, similar time-saving devices, and instruction cards for workmen. Task allocation and large bonus for successful performance, and the use of the 'differential rate' systems for classifying products and implements a routing system, a modern costing system, etc. etc. Taylor called these elements “merely the elements or details of the mechanisms of management" He saw them as extensions of the four principles of management; the scientific selection of the workman, intimate and friendly cooperation between the management and the men, the scientific education and development of the workman, and the development of a true science.
Taylor was against the risks managers make in attempting to make change in the way the organization operated. He believed in the importance of management commitment and the need for to gradually implement and educate. Taylor described that a really big problem with change consists of the mental attitude and habits of all those involved in management, as well as the workers. Taylor thought that there was one and only one method of work that maximized efficiency. This one best method and implementation can only be discovered or developed through scientific study and analysis. “This involves the gradual substitution of science for 'rule of thumb' throughout the mechanical arts." "Scientific management requires first, a careful
Scientific Management
Through Taylor's view of management systems, factories are managed through scientific methods instead of the use of the "rule of thumb" so widely used in the late nineteenth century, when Frederick Taylor devised his system of management and published the book "Scientific Management". The main elements of the Scientific Management as described by Taylor are; Time studies Functional or specialized supervision Standardization of tools and implements. Standardization of work methods separate planning function management, by use of the exception principle. The use of slide-rules, similar time-saving devices, and instruction cards for workmen. Task allocation and large bonus for successful performance, and the use of the 'differential rate' systems for classifying products and implements a routing system, a modern costing system, etc. etc. Taylor called these elements “merely the elements or details of the mechanisms of management" He saw them as extensions of the four principles of management; the scientific selection of the workman, intimate and friendly cooperation between the management and the men, the scientific education and development of the workman, and the development of a true science.
Taylor was against the risks managers make in attempting to make change in the way the organization operated. He believed in the importance of management commitment and the need for to gradually implement and educate. Taylor described that a really big problem with change consists of the mental attitude and habits of all those involved in management, as well as the workers. Taylor thought that there was one and only one method of work that maximized efficiency. This one best method and implementation can only be discovered or developed through scientific study and analysis. “This involves the gradual substitution of science for 'rule of thumb' throughout the mechanical arts." "Scientific management requires first, a careful