fundamental nursing
Chapter 1
Nursing Images throughout History
1) The angle of mercy
2) The handmaiden
3) The battle-ax
4) The naughty nurse
5) The military image
A. Nurses on the battlefield
Hospitalers – specialized soldiers who at the end of battle returned to the outposts to care for the sick and injured
Army nursing service – organize nurses and hospitals and coordinate supplies for the soldiers during the Civil War
Clara Barton
a. Provided care in tents set up close to the fighting
b. Did not discriminate
c. Establishment of the American Red Cross
Harriet Tubman – helped slaves escape to freedom on the underground railroad
Walt Whitman – a poet
Louisa May Alcott – an author
Dorothea Dix – union’s superintendent of female nurses during the Civil War
B. Nurses fighting diseases
Florence Nightingale
a. Epidemiology – the study of the distribution and origins of disease
b. Air, light, nutrition, and adequate ventilation and space assist the patient to recuperate
Lillian Wald & Mary Brewster
a. Founded the Henry Street Settlement in NY to improve the health and social conditions of poor immigrants
b. Improve health and prevent illness by promoting safe drinking water, adequate sewage facilities, and proper sanitation
Florence Nightingale (1820-1910)
“Lady of the Lamp”
Walked through the camp at night providing care to the sick and wounded during the Crimean War
Major contributions:
Establishment of nursing as a distinct profession
Introduction of a broad-based liberal education for nurses
Major reform in the delivery of care in hospitals
Introduction of standards to control the spread of disease in hospitals
Major reforms in the healthcare for the military
Full-Spectrum Nurse
Clinical judgment – observing, comparing, contrasting, and evaluating the client’s condition to determine whether change has occurred
Critical thinking – reflective thinking process that involves collecting information, analyzing the adequacy and accuracy of the
Nursing Images throughout History
1) The angle of mercy
2) The handmaiden
3) The battle-ax
4) The naughty nurse
5) The military image
A. Nurses on the battlefield
Hospitalers – specialized soldiers who at the end of battle returned to the outposts to care for the sick and injured
Army nursing service – organize nurses and hospitals and coordinate supplies for the soldiers during the Civil War
Clara Barton
a. Provided care in tents set up close to the fighting
b. Did not discriminate
c. Establishment of the American Red Cross
Harriet Tubman – helped slaves escape to freedom on the underground railroad
Walt Whitman – a poet
Louisa May Alcott – an author
Dorothea Dix – union’s superintendent of female nurses during the Civil War
B. Nurses fighting diseases
Florence Nightingale
a. Epidemiology – the study of the distribution and origins of disease
b. Air, light, nutrition, and adequate ventilation and space assist the patient to recuperate
Lillian Wald & Mary Brewster
a. Founded the Henry Street Settlement in NY to improve the health and social conditions of poor immigrants
b. Improve health and prevent illness by promoting safe drinking water, adequate sewage facilities, and proper sanitation
Florence Nightingale (1820-1910)
“Lady of the Lamp”
Walked through the camp at night providing care to the sick and wounded during the Crimean War
Major contributions:
Establishment of nursing as a distinct profession
Introduction of a broad-based liberal education for nurses
Major reform in the delivery of care in hospitals
Introduction of standards to control the spread of disease in hospitals
Major reforms in the healthcare for the military
Full-Spectrum Nurse
Clinical judgment – observing, comparing, contrasting, and evaluating the client’s condition to determine whether change has occurred
Critical thinking – reflective thinking process that involves collecting information, analyzing the adequacy and accuracy of the