Global Citizenship Final Exam Study Notes
Global Citizenship Final Exam Review
Chapter 5
Social Inequality: Any difference in the treatment of people based on age, race, gender, etc.
Social Stratification: Refers to the large hierarchical arrangements of large social groups on the basis of their control over basic resources (main forms include: class, gender and race/ethnicity)
a) Dominant group: Characterized by a disproportionate share of power, wealth, social status and health care
b) Subordinate group: Has limited access to power, resources and social status
Power: The capacity to control resources which allows structures of dominance and subordination to be created
Privilege: Gained through unearned power that gives dominate members advantages
Barriers: Visible or invisible obstacles that prevent or limit people’s access to resources, opportunities and benefits of membership in society (i.e. visible: public spaces that are inaccessible to persons with physical disabilities, and invisible: immigrants having limited access to job opportunities)
Ideology: Rooted in history and are maintained through social structures that dictate the order of our society (i.e. women’s position is to be a nurturer, a caregiver and a weak subordinate to men)
EQUITY VS. EQUALITY
Equity: A framework that allows us to pursue economic and social justice for minority groups in society
Equity differs from equality in that treating everyone ‘the same’ may in fact pose barriers
Though a policy or practice may be applied equally to all, it may have a discriminatory effect
Equity focuses on fairness and refers to fair access to resources, opportunities and outcomes, and pays attention to how power is working in society and challenges unfair systems and practices
Equality fails to consider history, current contexts and circumstances of individuals and groups
Chapter 6
Social action: Involves a group doing something to make the world a better place and is something that anyone can participate
Chapter 5
Social Inequality: Any difference in the treatment of people based on age, race, gender, etc.
Social Stratification: Refers to the large hierarchical arrangements of large social groups on the basis of their control over basic resources (main forms include: class, gender and race/ethnicity)
a) Dominant group: Characterized by a disproportionate share of power, wealth, social status and health care
b) Subordinate group: Has limited access to power, resources and social status
Power: The capacity to control resources which allows structures of dominance and subordination to be created
Privilege: Gained through unearned power that gives dominate members advantages
Barriers: Visible or invisible obstacles that prevent or limit people’s access to resources, opportunities and benefits of membership in society (i.e. visible: public spaces that are inaccessible to persons with physical disabilities, and invisible: immigrants having limited access to job opportunities)
Ideology: Rooted in history and are maintained through social structures that dictate the order of our society (i.e. women’s position is to be a nurturer, a caregiver and a weak subordinate to men)
EQUITY VS. EQUALITY
Equity: A framework that allows us to pursue economic and social justice for minority groups in society
Equity differs from equality in that treating everyone ‘the same’ may in fact pose barriers
Though a policy or practice may be applied equally to all, it may have a discriminatory effect
Equity focuses on fairness and refers to fair access to resources, opportunities and outcomes, and pays attention to how power is working in society and challenges unfair systems and practices
Equality fails to consider history, current contexts and circumstances of individuals and groups
Chapter 6
Social action: Involves a group doing something to make the world a better place and is something that anyone can participate