4 C’s
Competence
Control
Co-operation
Communication
Health– the protection of the bodies and minds of people from illness resulting from the materials, processes or procedures used in the workplace.
Safety– the protection of people from physical injury.
Ill health- the two words are normally used together to indicate concern for the physical and mental well-being of the individual at the place of work.
Welfare– the provision of facilities to maintain the health and well-being of individuals at the workplace. e.g. washing and sanitation arrangements, the provision of drinking water, heating, lighting, and accommodation for clothing, seating (when required by the work activity), eating and rest rooms, first aid arrangements.
Occupational or work-related ill-health – is concerned with those illnesses or physical and mental disorders that are either caused or triggered by workplace activities. The time interval between exposure and the onset of the illness may be short (e.g. asthma attacks) or long (e.g. deafness or cancer).
Environmental protection– arrangements to cover those activities in the workplace which affect the environment (in the form of flora, fauna, water, air and soil) and, possibly, the health and safety of employees and others. Eg include waste disposal and atmospheric pollution.
Hazard–is the potential of a substance, activity or process to cause harm. Hazards take many forms including, for example, chemicals, electricity and working from a ladder. A hazard can be ranked relative to other hazards or to a possible level of danger.
Risk - likelihood of a substance, activity or process to cause harm. A risk can be reduced and the hazard controlled by good management.
Hazard and a risk – the two