Organ Systems and Their Functions Essay Example
Organ Systems and their functions
I. Integumentary System
Functions to protects against environmental hazards; helps control body temperature. Composed of Skin and derivates Epidermis – covers surface; protects deeper tissues Keratinocytes – waterproofing Melanocytes – pigment –protects against UV light Dermis – Nourishes epidermis; provides strength; contains exocrine glands Collagenous tissue – strength Skin Derivates A. Hair– protection and warmth (vellus – fine un-pigmented hair: terminal hair – course and pigmented) B. Sebaceous Glands – Secrete oily substance that lubricates hair shaft and water proofs the epidermis C. Sweat Glands – Produce perspiration for evaporative cooling D. Nails – Protect and stiffen distal tips of digits E. Sensory Receptors – Provide sensations of touch, pressure, temperature, pain Subcutaneous Layer – Stores lipids; attaches skin to deeper structures; cushions underlying tissues
II. Skeletal System (206 bones)
Functions to provides support; protects tissues; stores minerals; forms blood Composed of bones, cartilages, and Joints Axial Skeleton (80 bones) - skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, sacrum Protects brain, spinal cord, sense organs, and soft tissues of thoracic cavity; supports the body weight over the lower limbs Appendicular Skeleton (126 bones) - bones and girdles of the limbs, hands and feet Provides internal support and positioning of the limbs; supports and moves axial skeleton Bone Marrow – Acts as primary site of blood cell production (red blood cells, white blood cells); stores lipid reserves and mineral storage Epiphyseal plate – growth plate We have 500 bones when we are born but these fuse in the adults into 206 bones. Lever Systems (Fulcrum –pivot; load – weight; effort – force) 1st Class – fulcrum in the middle 2nd Class - effort in the middle 3rd Class - load in the middle Ligaments attach bone to bone
III. Muscular System (600 muscles)
Functions to produces movement and locomotion;
I. Integumentary System
Functions to protects against environmental hazards; helps control body temperature. Composed of Skin and derivates Epidermis – covers surface; protects deeper tissues Keratinocytes – waterproofing Melanocytes – pigment –protects against UV light Dermis – Nourishes epidermis; provides strength; contains exocrine glands Collagenous tissue – strength Skin Derivates A. Hair– protection and warmth (vellus – fine un-pigmented hair: terminal hair – course and pigmented) B. Sebaceous Glands – Secrete oily substance that lubricates hair shaft and water proofs the epidermis C. Sweat Glands – Produce perspiration for evaporative cooling D. Nails – Protect and stiffen distal tips of digits E. Sensory Receptors – Provide sensations of touch, pressure, temperature, pain Subcutaneous Layer – Stores lipids; attaches skin to deeper structures; cushions underlying tissues
II. Skeletal System (206 bones)
Functions to provides support; protects tissues; stores minerals; forms blood Composed of bones, cartilages, and Joints Axial Skeleton (80 bones) - skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, sacrum Protects brain, spinal cord, sense organs, and soft tissues of thoracic cavity; supports the body weight over the lower limbs Appendicular Skeleton (126 bones) - bones and girdles of the limbs, hands and feet Provides internal support and positioning of the limbs; supports and moves axial skeleton Bone Marrow – Acts as primary site of blood cell production (red blood cells, white blood cells); stores lipid reserves and mineral storage Epiphyseal plate – growth plate We have 500 bones when we are born but these fuse in the adults into 206 bones. Lever Systems (Fulcrum –pivot; load – weight; effort – force) 1st Class – fulcrum in the middle 2nd Class - effort in the middle 3rd Class - load in the middle Ligaments attach bone to bone
III. Muscular System (600 muscles)
Functions to produces movement and locomotion;