Ovum and Sperm
The Ovum
1. Germinal Spot (nucleolus)-houses the RNA
2. German Vesicle (nucleus)- house the DNA, controls the functions
3. Ooplasm (cytoplasm)- contains nutrients, helps keep the cell alive, and functioning properly
4. Mitochondria- housed in the cytoplasm, powerhouse of the cell (supplies the cell with energy).
5. Vitelline Membrane (Plasma Membrane)- controls what goes in and out of the cell
6. Zona Pellucida aka “Jelly Coat”- thick protein based layer covering the outside of the vitelline membrane that helps protect the egg. Helps in biding sperm during fertilization and only allows one egg entrance.
7. Corona Padiata- outer most layer made up of granulose cells, provides ovum with essential proteins and acts like bubble wrap, protecting travel down the fallopian tube (it does cover the whole egg cell)
The Sperm
8. Plasma Membrane-contains receptors that recognize the egg and protects the sperm, controlling what goes in and out.
9. Acrosome- also has outer and inner membrane that surround it, forms cap of the sperm, and helps penetrating the egg because it’s a lysosome that contains digestive enzymes.
10. Nucleus- contains the DNA
11. Centriole- organizes the axoneme, gives rise to the axile filament of the sperm (what it attaches to make the axoneme/flagellum)
12. Mitochondria- powerhouse of the cell, provides ATP to the cell for its long journey to the egg.
13. Axoneme (flagellum)- tail of the sperm, how sperm moves in whip like motion so it can makes its way to the egg.
The sperm penetrates the egg, once it penetrates the membrane of the egg hardens so no more can enter, the sperm and egg chromosomes (each has 23, located in the nucleus) joint together to form a zygote
1. Germinal Spot (nucleolus)-houses the RNA
2. German Vesicle (nucleus)- house the DNA, controls the functions
3. Ooplasm (cytoplasm)- contains nutrients, helps keep the cell alive, and functioning properly
4. Mitochondria- housed in the cytoplasm, powerhouse of the cell (supplies the cell with energy).
5. Vitelline Membrane (Plasma Membrane)- controls what goes in and out of the cell
6. Zona Pellucida aka “Jelly Coat”- thick protein based layer covering the outside of the vitelline membrane that helps protect the egg. Helps in biding sperm during fertilization and only allows one egg entrance.
7. Corona Padiata- outer most layer made up of granulose cells, provides ovum with essential proteins and acts like bubble wrap, protecting travel down the fallopian tube (it does cover the whole egg cell)
The Sperm
8. Plasma Membrane-contains receptors that recognize the egg and protects the sperm, controlling what goes in and out.
9. Acrosome- also has outer and inner membrane that surround it, forms cap of the sperm, and helps penetrating the egg because it’s a lysosome that contains digestive enzymes.
10. Nucleus- contains the DNA
11. Centriole- organizes the axoneme, gives rise to the axile filament of the sperm (what it attaches to make the axoneme/flagellum)
12. Mitochondria- powerhouse of the cell, provides ATP to the cell for its long journey to the egg.
13. Axoneme (flagellum)- tail of the sperm, how sperm moves in whip like motion so it can makes its way to the egg.
The sperm penetrates the egg, once it penetrates the membrane of the egg hardens so no more can enter, the sperm and egg chromosomes (each has 23, located in the nucleus) joint together to form a zygote