petroleum industry

ADEYEMI G.A

OMEGA 2013

 The

petroleum industry has evolved over the years to become a gigantic industry.
 Personnel in the areas of sciences & applied sciences are required:
• Petroleum engineers

• Mechanical engineers

• Chemical engineers

• Electrical engineers

• Computer scientists

• Physicists

• Chemists

• Marine biologists &

• Geologists

engineers
• Others

 There

2 broad classifications of global petroleum industry:
• National Oil Companies (NOC)
• International Oil Companies (IOC)

 Very

large in terms of production, & some substantial in refining.
 They are owned by their respective governments.  They account for about 33.33% of world crude production.  Examples

of NOCs:

• Petronas (Malaysia)
• Petroleos de Venezuela – PDVSA (Venezuela)
• Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabia)
• Statoil Hydro (Norway)

• Petrobras (Brazil)
• PEMEX (Mexico)
• NNPC (Nigeria)
• Sinopec, CNOOC (China)
• GNPC (Ghana)

 Also

known as Multinationals.
 They have a significant proportion of their operations in several different countries.
 There are 5 major IOCs:
• British Petroleum (BP)
• ChevronTexaco
• ExxonMobil
• Royal Dutch/Shell (simply Shell)
• TotalFinaElf (simply Total)

 Strength

of the “Big Five”:

• Production in more than 15 countries.
• Refining in more than 15 countries.
• Products marketing in more than 40 countries.
• They account for approx. 13% of world production.

• They account for 21% world refining.
• They account for 35% world product sales.

 Other

IOCs are:

• Amerada Hess
• Anadarko

• ConocoPhillips (simply Phillips)
• ENI/Agip
• Kerr McGee
• Occidental
• Repsol
• Unocal

 The

2 main sectors in the industry are:
 Upstream Sector
• Producing

• Servicing
 Downstream

Sector

• Refining
• Products sales
• Transportation

 Basically

involves the extraction & field treatment of oil & gas.
 There are 2