sensors in electronics
Assignment no. 2 Ujjwal Dahiya
Electronic sensors
Sensors are sophisticated devices that are frequently used to detect and respond to electrical or optical signals. A Sensor converts the physical parameter (for example: temperature, blood pressure, humidity, speed, etc.) into a signal which can be measured electrically.
Classification based on property is as given below:
Temperature - Thermistors, thermocouples, RTD’s, IC and many more.
Pressure - Fibre optic, vacuum, elastic liquid based manometers, LVDT, electronic.
Flow - Electromagnetic, differential pressure, positional displacement, thermal mass, etc.
Level Sensors - Differential pressure, ultrasonic radio frequency, radar, thermal displacement, etc.
Proximity and displacement - LVDT, photoelectric, capacitive, magnetic, ultrasonic.
Biosensors - Resonant mirror, electrochemical, surface Plasmon resonance, Light addressable potentio-metric.
Image - Charge coupled devices, CMOS
Gas and chemical - Semiconductor, Infrared, Conductance, Electrochemical.
Acceleration - Gyroscopes, Accelerometers.
Others - Moisture, humidity sensor, Speed sensor, mass, Tilt sensor, force, viscosity.
Principles of some of the common sensor:
Thermocouple – They are made of two wires (each of different homogeneous alloy or metal) which form a measuring junction by joining at one end. This measuring junction is open to the elements being measured. The other end of the wire is terminated to a measuring device where a reference junction is formed. The current flows through the circuit since the temperature of the two junctions are different.
IR Sensor -This device emits and/or detects infrared radiation to sense a particular phase in the environment. Generally, thermal radiation is emitted by all the objects in the infrared spectrum. The infrared sensordetects this type of radiation which is not visible to human eye.
Touch
Electronic sensors
Sensors are sophisticated devices that are frequently used to detect and respond to electrical or optical signals. A Sensor converts the physical parameter (for example: temperature, blood pressure, humidity, speed, etc.) into a signal which can be measured electrically.
Classification based on property is as given below:
Temperature - Thermistors, thermocouples, RTD’s, IC and many more.
Pressure - Fibre optic, vacuum, elastic liquid based manometers, LVDT, electronic.
Flow - Electromagnetic, differential pressure, positional displacement, thermal mass, etc.
Level Sensors - Differential pressure, ultrasonic radio frequency, radar, thermal displacement, etc.
Proximity and displacement - LVDT, photoelectric, capacitive, magnetic, ultrasonic.
Biosensors - Resonant mirror, electrochemical, surface Plasmon resonance, Light addressable potentio-metric.
Image - Charge coupled devices, CMOS
Gas and chemical - Semiconductor, Infrared, Conductance, Electrochemical.
Acceleration - Gyroscopes, Accelerometers.
Others - Moisture, humidity sensor, Speed sensor, mass, Tilt sensor, force, viscosity.
Principles of some of the common sensor:
Thermocouple – They are made of two wires (each of different homogeneous alloy or metal) which form a measuring junction by joining at one end. This measuring junction is open to the elements being measured. The other end of the wire is terminated to a measuring device where a reference junction is formed. The current flows through the circuit since the temperature of the two junctions are different.
IR Sensor -This device emits and/or detects infrared radiation to sense a particular phase in the environment. Generally, thermal radiation is emitted by all the objects in the infrared spectrum. The infrared sensordetects this type of radiation which is not visible to human eye.
Touch