Some modernists were extremely pessimistic about modernity e.g. Eliot. They believed that with the urbanization of society and loss of culture that essentially the human identity has been lost and has not yet been fully recognized. Modernism is essentially post-Darwinian: it is a search to explain mankind 's place in the modern world where religion, social stability and ethics are all called into question. (1) The inner consciousness and different psychological states were called into question, and all traditional forms of poetry began to lose their place.
The ruins created across Europe as a result of the war enter the world of T.S. Eliot 's poetry. The first part of The Waste Land, "The Burial of the Dead," presents the voice of a countess looking back on her pre-World War I youth as a lovelier, freer, more romantic time. Her voice is followed by a solemn description of present dryness when "the dead tree gives no shelter." (3)The Wasteland is not a land literally laid waste by war. It does not mention the unemployment and economic crises of the late 1920s. Instead, the poem depicts a cultural and spiritual wasteland, a land populated by people who are, physically and emotionally, living a kind of death in the midst of their everyday lives.
What went out in post-war society was the Victorian concept of poetry i.e. the narrative and the
Bibliography: (1) Carter, Ronald and John McRae. The Routledge History of Literature in English Britain and Ireland. Routledge, 1998. New Fetter Lane, London 1997. Pages 360-368 (2) The Waste Land 1922. http://eliotswasteland.tripod.com/ (3) (http://cityhonors.buffalo.k12.ny.us/city/rsrcs/eng/eli/elihea2.htm)