The Endocrine System
11/7/2011
CHAPTER 18
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Identify the endocrine glands and their hormones.
Gain an understanding of the functions of these hormones in the body.
Analyze medical terms related to the endocrine glands and their hormones.
Identify abnormal conditions resulting from excessive and deficient secretions of the endocrine glands.
Describe laboratory tests and clinical procedures related to endocrinology, and recognize relevant abbreviations. Apply your new knowledge to understanding medical terms in their proper contexts, such as medical reports and records.
1
11/7/2011
INTRODUCTION
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Glands release hormones.
Hormones regulate the many and varied functions of an organism.
Hormones bind to receptors.
Receptors are recognition sites in the various target tissues on which hormones act.
INTRODUCTION
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
ENDOCRINE glands—
Secrete their hormones directly into the bloodstream EXOCRINE glands—
Send chemical substances (tears, sweat, milk, saliva) via ducts to the outside of the body 2
11/7/2011
ENDOCRINE GLANDS thyroid gland
parathyroid glands (four glands)
adrenal glands (one pair)
pancreas (islets of Langerhans)
pituitary gland
ovaries (one pair)
testes (one pair)
pineal gland
thymus gland
How are endocrine glands different from exocrine glands?
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
3
11/7/2011
THYROID GLAND
4
11/7/2011
THYROID FUNCTION
There are two hormones:
thyroxine or tetraiodothyronine (T4) triiodothyronine (T3).
Thyroid hormones aid cells in their uptake of oxygen and regulate metabolic rate.
Calcitonin: stimulates calcium to leave the blood and enter the bone.
What are some of the hormones secreted by the thyroid gland?
THYROID GLAND: HORMONES
AND
ACTIONS
5
11/7/2011
PARATHYROID GLAND
PARATHYROID GLANDS
6
11/7/2011
PARATHYROID FUNCTION
CHAPTER 18
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Identify the endocrine glands and their hormones.
Gain an understanding of the functions of these hormones in the body.
Analyze medical terms related to the endocrine glands and their hormones.
Identify abnormal conditions resulting from excessive and deficient secretions of the endocrine glands.
Describe laboratory tests and clinical procedures related to endocrinology, and recognize relevant abbreviations. Apply your new knowledge to understanding medical terms in their proper contexts, such as medical reports and records.
1
11/7/2011
INTRODUCTION
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Glands release hormones.
Hormones regulate the many and varied functions of an organism.
Hormones bind to receptors.
Receptors are recognition sites in the various target tissues on which hormones act.
INTRODUCTION
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
ENDOCRINE glands—
Secrete their hormones directly into the bloodstream EXOCRINE glands—
Send chemical substances (tears, sweat, milk, saliva) via ducts to the outside of the body 2
11/7/2011
ENDOCRINE GLANDS thyroid gland
parathyroid glands (four glands)
adrenal glands (one pair)
pancreas (islets of Langerhans)
pituitary gland
ovaries (one pair)
testes (one pair)
pineal gland
thymus gland
How are endocrine glands different from exocrine glands?
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
3
11/7/2011
THYROID GLAND
4
11/7/2011
THYROID FUNCTION
There are two hormones:
thyroxine or tetraiodothyronine (T4) triiodothyronine (T3).
Thyroid hormones aid cells in their uptake of oxygen and regulate metabolic rate.
Calcitonin: stimulates calcium to leave the blood and enter the bone.
What are some of the hormones secreted by the thyroid gland?
THYROID GLAND: HORMONES
AND
ACTIONS
5
11/7/2011
PARATHYROID GLAND
PARATHYROID GLANDS
6
11/7/2011
PARATHYROID FUNCTION