Type 2 Diabetes Can Be Prevented With Early Pharmacological Intervention
Type 2 Diabetes Can Be Prevented With Early Pharmacological Intervention
1. Ralph A. DeFronzo, MD⇓ and
2. Muhammad Abdul-Ghani, MD, PHD
+Author Affiliations
1. Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
1. ↵Corresponding author: Ralph A. DeFronzo, albarado@uthscsa.edu. Next Section
Abstract
Today in America, there is twice the amount of individuals who have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), compared to individuals having type 2 diabetes. Of those individuals affected by IGT, close to half the percentage will succumb to type 2 diabetes during their lifespan. For many years weight management was viewed as the most effective intervention, to reduce the risk for individuals at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Due to the inconsistencies to maintain weight loss, weight management is viewed as no longer effective. Distinguished by its physical approach, oral anti-diabetic treatment of IGT has been highly favored. In the article, ‘Type 2 Diabetes Can Be Prevented With Early Pharmacological Intervention’, discovery on many preventative alternatives are discussed. One alternative, oral anti-diabetic agents, enhance insulin sensitivity and sustains β-cell function. These characteristics are abnormal in individuals with IGT and type 2 diabetes. DeFronzo and Abdul-Ghani highlight in their article how from several supported interventions, the most reliable outcomes have been detected with Metformin, an oral anti-diabetic drug. The U.S. Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) endorsed that Metformin reduced the incidence of IGT converting into type 2 diabetes by 31%. Metformin was also advocated by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) for treating high-risk individuals with IGT. Metformin, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs, increases insulin secretion, conserving β-cell function, and promotes weight loss, preventing the progression of IGT to type 2 diabetes.
PATHOGENESIS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES
Environmental Factors and
1. Ralph A. DeFronzo, MD⇓ and
2. Muhammad Abdul-Ghani, MD, PHD
+Author Affiliations
1. Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
1. ↵Corresponding author: Ralph A. DeFronzo, albarado@uthscsa.edu. Next Section
Abstract
Today in America, there is twice the amount of individuals who have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), compared to individuals having type 2 diabetes. Of those individuals affected by IGT, close to half the percentage will succumb to type 2 diabetes during their lifespan. For many years weight management was viewed as the most effective intervention, to reduce the risk for individuals at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Due to the inconsistencies to maintain weight loss, weight management is viewed as no longer effective. Distinguished by its physical approach, oral anti-diabetic treatment of IGT has been highly favored. In the article, ‘Type 2 Diabetes Can Be Prevented With Early Pharmacological Intervention’, discovery on many preventative alternatives are discussed. One alternative, oral anti-diabetic agents, enhance insulin sensitivity and sustains β-cell function. These characteristics are abnormal in individuals with IGT and type 2 diabetes. DeFronzo and Abdul-Ghani highlight in their article how from several supported interventions, the most reliable outcomes have been detected with Metformin, an oral anti-diabetic drug. The U.S. Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) endorsed that Metformin reduced the incidence of IGT converting into type 2 diabetes by 31%. Metformin was also advocated by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) for treating high-risk individuals with IGT. Metformin, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs, increases insulin secretion, conserving β-cell function, and promotes weight loss, preventing the progression of IGT to type 2 diabetes.
PATHOGENESIS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES
Environmental Factors and